Engineering Stem Cell Derived Biomimetic Vesicles for Versatility and Effective Targeted Delivery

Abstract

To date, only few a types of nanomedicines have been made available for clinical use even in the most common liposomal delivery systems, due to significant constraints, including poor targeting of specific cells, hindered penetration, and accelerated clearance. Various intricate designs have been generated and show improvements, while also bringing new problems. Biological cells, possessing advantages like low immunogenicity, long circulation time, receptors integration, and innate targeting capability. Herein, liposomes are innovatively functionalized with a stem cell membrane through a facile approach. The biomimetic vesicles achieve controlled release, exhibit better stability, longer circulation time, and targeted delivery. Loading with curcumin leads to enhanced survival rate of ischemic stroke mice with a single injection (from ≈30% to over 90%). The versatility of the method is verified by differently charged liposomes modification and erythrocyte membrane derived vesicles preparation. Overall, the cell membrane derived biomimetic vesicles achieve targeted delivery and versatility prepared by a facile approach, as well as effortless preparation.

Engineering CXCL12 Biomimetic Decoy‐Integrated Versatile Immunosuppressive Nanoparticle for Ischemic Stroke Therapy with Management of Overactivated Brain Immune Microenvironment

“…developed biomimetic liposomal delivery system modified with stem cell membrane to achieve multiple and complementary functionalities for active stealth, targeting, and controlled drug release. [ 37 ] On this basis, this study adds the strategy of engineering the cell membrane to enhance the ability to penetrate the BBB and also to avoid external stimuli.…”

Cell‐Based Delivery Systems: Emerging Carriers for Immunotherapy

“…blended the membrane of MSCs with a curcumin‐loaded liposome for the treatment of ischemic stroke. [ 150 ] The liposome was used to deliver inflammation‐modulating curcumin that could reduce the infarction and normalize neurologic dysfunction. MSCs have a tropism toward inflammation, which could bring liposomes to the inflammatory stroke lesion site.…”

Cell-derived membrane biomimetic nanocarriers for targeted therapy of pulmonary disease

“…Nuclei and intracellular biomacromolecules are removed by discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation or differential centrifugation. The membrane-rich fraction was then washed with plasma buffer, and sonicated or extruded through a porous membrane to obtain cell membrane vesicles ( Meng et al, 2018 , Wu et al, 2020 ).…”