Engineering the surface texture and shape of channels in ceramic substrates

Draeger, Deanne J; Case, Eldon D.

doi:10.1016/s0921-5107(02)00433-6

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, the CLSM confocal reflection was used by Draeger and Case 41–43 to image surface channels about 500–900 μm in diameter in partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) specimens. (Surface channels can be converted into bulk‐penetrating channels by ceramic/ceramic joining 44–46 and such channels can in turn be used to transfer a variety of fluids including cooling fluids for electronic substrates 47 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Surface channels can be converted into bulk-penetrating channels by ceramic/ ceramic joining [44][45][46] and such channels can in turn be used to transfer a variety of fluids including cooling fluids for electronic substrates. 47 ) For the surface channels in the PSZ specimens, [41][42][43] it was essential to characterize the details of both the meso-scale channel dimensions and shape as well as the micrometer-scale topography of the channel surface since both the (i) the meso-scale size and shape of the channel and (ii) micrometer-scale projections on channel walls influence fluid flow and heat transfer in the channels. The ability of the CLSM to image meso-scale objects (the channels in the PSZ specimens or the macropores in the bone scaffolds) as well as micrometer-scale objects (pores and surface roughness on the walls of the PSZ channels and the pores in the bone scaffolds) is thus vital to characterizes ceramic components whose function depends simultaneously on structures at the meso-and microscale.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three‐Dimensional Microstructural Characterization of Porous Hydroxyapatite Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Ren

Smith

Baumann

et al. 2005

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The characterization of porosity is crucial in the development and commercialization of ceramic bone replacement technology, since the pore size and interconnectivity play a central role in both biological function (bone ingrowth and nutrient flow) as well as mechanical properties of bone scaffolds. The ability of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to image three‐dimensional (3‐D) structures with large vertical depths (∼2 mm) and fine vertical resolution (∼1 μm) is utilized in this article to characterize the 3‐D microstructures of hydroxyapatite (HA) bone scaffold specimens with porosity ranging from roughly 60–70 vol%. Various CLSM techniques are applied to image and interpret the HA pore structure, including Z‐series stacking, topographic profiling, and Phi‐Z scanning and contour mapping.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐Dimensional Microstructural Characterization of Porous Hydroxyapatite Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Ren

Smith

Baumann

et al. 2005

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…Revolutionary results are now possible in laminated co‐fired ceramics. Surface considerations will receive special attention, particularly with respect to texture 44 and inertness. The recent suggestion of low‐level Pb contamination in electrolytes by LTCC and conductors in certain applications 45 reinforces the expectation that coatings such as parylene, particularly for some biological applications, may play an important role.…”

Section: Microfluidic Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Microsystem Applications with New Techniques in Low‐Temperature Co‐Fired Ceramics

Peterson

Patel

et al. 2005

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

125

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Low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) enables development and testing of critical elements on microsystem boards as well as nonmicroelectronic meso-scale applications. We describe silicon-based microelectromechanical systems packaging and LTCC meso-scale applications. Microfluidic interposers permit rapid testing of varied silicon designs. The application of LTCC to micro-high-performance liquid chromatography (m-HPLC) demonstrates performance advantages at very high pressures. At intermediate pressures, a ceramic thermal cell lyser has lysed bacteria spores without damaging the proteins. The stability and sensitivity of LTCC/chemiresistor smart channels are comparable to the performance of silicon-based chemiresistors. A variant of the use of sacrificial volume materials has created channels, suspended thick films, cavities, and techniques for pressure and flow sensing. We report on inductors, diaphragms, cantilevers, antennae, switch structures, and thermal sensors suspended in air. The development of ''functional-as-released'' moving parts has resulted in wheels, impellers, tethered plates, and related new LTCC mechanical roles for actuation and sensing. High-temperature metal-to-LTCC joining has been developed with metal thin films for the strong, hermetic interfaces necessary for pins, leads, and tubes.

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“…The first step of the process is machining, 6,7 pressing or stamping channels, 8 or burning out fugitive template. 9 The second step concerns the ceramic/ceramic joining. The fabrication is relatively expensive, time consuming and usually does not produce rounded shapes of microchannels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%