“…29 Droplet height variations in the freezing processes of nanofluid droplets (5 nm, 15 nm, 100 nm, and 800 nm TiO2 particles) with 0.3% volumetric concentrations Particles can be engulfed in the solid ice phase when the speed of the freezing front exceeds a limit value, which is defined as the critical velocity[130,185,187,189,218]. With fewer particles being rejected by the freezing interface, the effect of the Marangoni flow decreases, and the morphologies of nanofluid droplets change.…”