Enhanced ~2.9 μm mid-infrared emissions of Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal introduced by Pr3+ ions

Luminescent characteristics of Tm3+/Tb3+/Eu3+ tri-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystals for white emission with high thermal stability

“…Moreover, adding a slight of KF (99.99%) as flux into raw material to change the phase equilibrium between YF 3 and NaF and reduce the crystalline temperature of Na 5 Y 9 F 32 single crystal. [16] The homologous concrete course of crystal growth was described elsewhere. [17] Here, the Na 5 Y 9 F 32 single crystal is named as NYF, and the RE 3+ singly doped, co-doped and tri-doped are as below:…”