Enhanced activity and stability of Pt catalysts on functionalized graphene sheets for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

Kou, Rong; Shao, Yuyan; Wang, Donghai; Engelhard, Mark H.; Kwak, Ja Hun; Wang, Jun; Viswanathan, Vilayanur V.; Wang, Chongmin; Lin, Yuehe; Wang, Yong; Aksay, İlhan A.; Li, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2009.02.033

Cited by 619 publications

(294 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Recently, GR-supported composites have attracted a great deal of attention for their enhanced material properties such as their electrical conductivity and chemical and electrical properties. Many works have been reported on the preparation of GR-based composites (Stankovich et al 2006;Li and Kaner 2008;Si and Samulski 2008;Xu et al 2008;Kou et al 2009;Li et al 2009;Williams and Kamat 2009;Yoo, Okata et al 2009;Zhang et al 2009). Previous studies were mostly conducted to synthesize the composites using various liquid-phase chemical methods such as chemical reduction with hydrazine, the impregnation-reduction method, the colloidal method, and the polyol method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Synthesis of Pt-Nanoparticles-Laden Graphene Crumples by Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis and Evaluation of Their Electrocatalytic Activity

Jang

Kim

Chang

et al. 2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Pt-nanoparticles-laden graphene (GR) crumples were directly synthesized from a colloidal mixture of aqueous chloroplatinic acid (H 2 PtCl 6 ) and graphene oxide (GO) sheets via aerosol spray pyrolysis (ASP). Effects of Pt content in the Pt/GR composite and temperature of heating zone on the particle morphology, diffraction pattern, and specific surface area were investigated. The morphology of Pt/GR was the shape of a crumpled sheet of paper and the average size of the composite was around 1.3 µm in diameter. As Pt content increased from 2 to 20 wt%, higher numbers of Pt nanoparticles are observed on the GR at higher Pt content and the specific surface area of the composite also increased from 122 to 146 m 2 /g. Also, the intensity of the GR peak decreased, but that of the Pt peak increased. As temperature increased from 500• C to 900 • C, an increase of the particle size of Pt due to sintering was observed. Electrocatalytic application of the Pt/GR composites was examined through methanol oxidation reaction. The 20 wt% Pt/GR synthesized at 900• C showed higher performance on methanol oxidation than a commercial 20 wt% Pt/carbon black catalyst.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Synthesis of Pt-Nanoparticles-Laden Graphene Crumples by Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis and Evaluation of Their Electrocatalytic Activity

Jang

Kim

Chang

et al. 2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…4,5 Graphene is a promising material for applications in various energy-related systems such as supercapacitors, [6][7][8][9] secondary batteries, 10-14 solar cells, [15][16][17] and fuel cells. [18][19][20] For this purpose, graphene materials are frequently blended with polymers to form functional composites. [21][22][23] The polymer component can improve the processability and/or flexibility of graphene materials, and also possibly provide them with new functions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene/polymer composites for energy applications

Sun

Shi

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

238

120

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Graphene has wide potential applications in energyrelated systems, mainly because of its unique atom-thick twodimensional structure, high electrical or thermal conductivity, optical transparency, great mechanical strength, inherent flexibility, and huge specific surface area. For this purpose, graphene materials are frequently blended with polymers to form composites, especially when fabricating flexible devices. Graphene/polymer composites have been explored as electrodes of supercapacitors or lithium ion batteries, counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells, transparent conducting electrodes and active layers of organic solar cells, catalytic electrodes, and polymer electrolyte membranes of fuel cells. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on the synthesis and applications of graphene/polymer composites for energy applications. The challenges and prospects in this field have also been discussed. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 231-253 KEYWORDS: composites; energy; fuel cell; graphene; lithium ion battery; redox polymers; solar cell; supercapacitor; synthesis INTRODUCTION Energy is one of the most important recent topics of concern to human society. To replace conventional fossil fuels, clean and renewable energies based on sunlight, wind, new chemicals, and biofuels are urgently demanded. Therefore, materials that can directly convert or store renewable energies are being extensively studied. Among them, graphene has recently attracted a great deal of attention because of its unique atom-thick two-dimensional (2D) structure 1,2 and excellent electrical, 2 thermal, 3 optical, and mechanical properties. 4,5 Graphene is a promising material for applications in various energy-related systems such as supercapacitors, 6-9 secondary batteries, 10-14 solar cells, 15-17 and fuel cells. [18][19][20] For this purpose, graphene materials are frequently blended with polymers to form functional composites. [21][22][23] The polymer component can improve the processability and/or flexibility of graphene materials, and also possibly provide them with new functions. To date, various graphene composites with insulating or conducting polymers (CPs) have been prepared through noncovalent 22 or covalent approaches. 24 They have also been applied as electrodes for supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries (LIBs), 25-29 counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), 15,30,31 and transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) 32,33 or active layers of organic solar cells, 34 catalytic electrodes, and polymer electrolyte membranes of fuel cells. [35][36][37] This review focuses on summarizing the recent advances in the synthesis of graphene/polymer composites and their energy applications.

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“…the particular type of catalyst; 114,[119][120][121][122][123] e.g., Pt particles were found to show maximal mass catalyst activity 124) when their size is ranging from 2 to 4 nm. Note that in the case of the Au catalyst, the particle size for maximum activity is smaller than that of Pt catalyst.…”

Section: Survey Of Catalyst Research In Li-air Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Challenges Associated with Catalyst Development for the Commercialization of Li-air Batteries

Park

Kim

Seo

et al. 2014

Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

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ABSTRACT:Li-air cell is an exotic type of energy storage and conversion device considered to be half battery and half fuel cell. Its successful commercialization highly depends on the timely development of key components. Among these key components, the catalyst (i.e., the core portion of the air electrode) is of critical importance and of the upmost priority. Indeed, it is expected that these catalysts will have a direct and dramatic impact on the Li-air cell's performance by reducing overpotentials, as well as by enhancing the overall capacity and cycle life of Li-air cells. Unfortunately, the technological advancement related to catalysts is sluggish at present. Based on the insights gained from this review, this sluggishness is due to challenges in both the commercialization of the catalyst, and the fundamental studies pertaining to its development. Challenges in the commercialization of the catalyst can be summarized as 1) the identification of superior materials for Li-air cell catalysts, 2) the development of fundamental, material-based assessments for potential catalyst materials, 3) the achievement of a reduction in both cost and time concerning the design of the Li-air cell catalysts. As for the challenges concerning the fundamental studies of Li-air cell catalysts, they are 1) the development of experimental techniques for determining both the nano and micro structure of catalysts, 2) the attainment of both repeatable and verifiable experimental characteristics of catalyst degradation, 3) the development of the predictive capability pertaining to the performance of the catalyst using fundamental material properties. Therefore, under the current circumstances, it is going to be an extremely daunting task to develop appropriate catalysts for the commercialization of Li-air batteries; at least within the foreseeable future. Regardless, nano materials are expected to play a crucial role in this field.

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Enhanced activity and stability of Pt catalysts on functionalized graphene sheets for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

Cited by 619 publications

References 14 publications

One-Step Synthesis of Pt-Nanoparticles-Laden Graphene Crumples by Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis and Evaluation of Their Electrocatalytic Activity

One-Step Synthesis of Pt-Nanoparticles-Laden Graphene Crumples by Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis and Evaluation of Their Electrocatalytic Activity

Graphene/polymer composites for energy applications

Practical Challenges Associated with Catalyst Development for the Commercialization of Li-air Batteries

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