Enhanced activity of urea electrooxidation on nickel catalysts supported on tungsten carbides/carbon nanotubes

Wang, Lu; Du, Tingting; Cheng, Jin; Xie, Xing; Yang, Bolun; Li, Mingtao

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.141

Cited by 97 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[34] Thecurrent density of graphene-supported Ni much larger than that of pure Ni without graphene,w hich is attributedt ot he large active surface areas and perfect electro transfer of graphene sheets as well as the synergistic contributiono fN ia nd graphene sheets.W ang et al used active carbon and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)a ss upport materials to form Ni-tungsten carbides (WC)/C and Ni-WC/MWCNT. [37] Results show that electrochemical surface areas of Ni-WC and Ni-WC/MWCNT are 113.87 and7 7.22 m 2 g À1 ,r espectively. Thec urrent densities of Ni-WC/MWCNT are more than 3times highert han those of the Ni-WC/C.Y ee tal.…”

Section: Nanocatalysts For Urea Electro-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Urea‐Based Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation

2016

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Urea is a new member of hydrogen‐storage materials for low‐temperature fuel cells. It avoids issues of toxicity and safety compared to NH3 and hydrazine. The main limitation of urea‐based fuel cells is their relatively low power densities due to the sluggish anode reactions. Rapid advances in nanocatalysts used for urea electro‐oxidation have been achieved in lowering overpotential and improving activity. Urine, as a natural resource of urea, is also an environmental pollutant. Most technologies of treating urine with self‐generation electricity are based on microbial fuel cells. However, microbes are only able to utilize the organic substrates rather than urea in urine. Chemical fuel cells in contrast directly oxidize urea to nitrogen gas, removing it from urine. Thus, urea‐based fuel cells have been used as an alternative method to treat urine. In this Minireview, the progress in urea‐based fuel cells and electrocatalysts for urea oxidation is reviewed.

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Section: Nanocatalysts For Urea Electro-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Wang et al. used active carbon and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as support materials to form Ni‐ tungsten carbides (WC)/C and Ni‐WC/MWCNT . Results show that electrochemical surface areas of Ni‐WC and Ni‐WC/MWCNT are 113.87 and 77.22 m 2 g −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Nanocatalysts For Urea Electro‐oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urea‐Based Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation

2016

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“…Several materials, including noble and non-noble metals, metal oxides, and metal hydroxides, have been investigated as catalysts in the oxidation of urea [11,13,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Ni was found to be the most favorable for electro-oxidation of urea [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow Sodium Nickel Fluoride Nanocubes Deposited MWCNT as An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Urea Oxidation

Kakati

Maiti

Lee

et al. 2017

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The highest value of current density measured during the urea oxidation reaction was close to 700 mA cm -2 mg -1 versus Hg/HgO (20 % Ni and 20 % WC). Another paper [86] published by the same group described a Ni catalyst supported on WC/MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes). The MWCNTs were uniformly distributed on the material, thus increasing the amount of active sites.…”

Section: Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urea removal from aqueous solutions—a review

2016

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The abundance of urea in the natural environment is dictated by the fact that it is one of the major products of mammalian protein metabolism. Due to the extensive use of urea in many branches of industry, it is produced in large quantities. Urea enters into the environment not only with wastewater from the production plants but also by leaching from the fields, agro-breeding farms, and the effluents from the plants using it as a raw material. There are many methods of urea removal, but most of them are still being developed or are very new. The methods themselves differ in terms of physicochemical nature and technological ingenuity. Many wastewater treatment methods include processes such as hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, decomposition in the biological bed, decomposition by strong oxidants, adsorption, catalytic decomposition, and electrochemical oxidation. In this work, methods of urea removal from aqueous solutions have been reviewed. Particular attention was paid to electrochemical methods.

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Enhanced activity of urea electrooxidation on nickel catalysts supported on tungsten carbides/carbon nanotubes

Cited by 97 publications

References 20 publications

Urea‐Based Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation

Urea‐Based Fuel Cells and Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation

Hollow Sodium Nickel Fluoride Nanocubes Deposited MWCNT as An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Urea Oxidation

Urea removal from aqueous solutions—a review

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