To solve the problem of excess molybdenum, a new composite nanomaterial was prepared for adsorption and removal of Mo (VI). Chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/CTS) were prepared by the method of glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The morphology of the composite nanoparticles was characterized by a scanning electron microscope, and the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by an external magnetic field. The content of Mo (VI) was determined by thiocyanate spectrophotometry. The relationship between adsorbent dosage, oscillation velocity, contact time and removal of Mo (VI) was studied. The results showed that when the dosage of Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles was 0.4 g, the oscillation speed was 100 r min-1, and the contact time was 10 min, 100 ml of Mo (VI) solution was treated under the condition of initial pH =4, and the removal effect of Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles on Mo (VI) was the best. Treatment effluent can reach the comprehensive sewage discharge standard in Liaoning Province. At the same time, it is proved that Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles are a kind of adsorbent which is easy to recover, easy to separate magnetically, and has the ability to remove Mo (VI) efficiently.