Enhanced anaerobic bioremediation in a DNAPL residual source zone: Test Area North case study

Wymore, Ryan A.; Macbeth, Tamzen W.; Rothermel, Joseph S.; Peterson, Lance N.; Nelson, Lee O.; Sorenson, Kent S.; Akladiss, Naji; Tasker, Ian

doi:10.1002/rem.20098

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…TCE was efficiently being biodegraded to ethene, as measured in analyses of groundwater from downgradient monitoring wells affected by the injections. The use of a high‐concentration electron donor was critical for demonstrating that enhanced ISB was a viable option for TAN, where the residual source is likely present as sludge in low‐porosity units; accelerated mass transfer of contaminants from the residual phase to the aqueous phase makes the contaminants available for biological degradation and significantly shortens the overall remedial period (Wymore et al., ).…”

Section: Remedy Implementation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The continued optimization of operations has led to substantial life‐cycle cost savings. For instance, the switch from sodium lactate to whey powder (2005) for ISB at TAN is estimated to save over $100,000 annually, and the increased residual source destruction will likely reduce the remedial timeframe and increase savings further (Wymore et al., ).…”

Section: Remedy Implementation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with existing guidance (e.g., EPA, 1988EPA, , 1999EPA, , 2004b, the systems-based assessment considered source reduction, treatment zones, treatment trains, optimization strategies, and setting performance objectives. The site conceptual model for TAN continued to be refined through an iterative process of identifying the data requirements needed to understand the fate and transport parameters for each contamination zone, identifying the analyses that could provide the required data, evaluating the quality of the data generated, and identifying data gaps (Wymore et al, 2000(Wymore et al, , 2006. The conceptual model refined the definition of the residual contaminant source, distribution of TCE in the plume, and flow and transport properties of the aquifer.…”

Section: Systems-based Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Idaho National Laboratory Test Area North: Application of Endpoints to Guide Adaptive Remediation at a Complex Site

Lee

Truex²,

Freshley³

et al. 2016

Remediation

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Complex sites in the subsurface are defined as those with difficult access, deep, and/or thick zones of contamination, large areal extent, heterogeneities that limit the effectiveness of remediation, or where long‐term remedies are needed to address contamination (e.g., because of long‐term sources or large extent). The Test Area North at the Idaho National Laboratory, developed for nuclear fuel operations and heavy metal manufacturing, is a complex site that demonstrates the endpoints strategy for adaptive remediation. Liquid wastes and sludge from experimental facilities were disposed in an injection well, which contaminated the subsurface aquifer located deep within fractured basalt. The mixed wastes included organic, inorganic, and low‐level radioactive constituents, with the focus of this study on the remediation of trichloroethylene within a systems‐based, regulatory framework. The framework facilitates site, regulator, and stakeholder interactions during the remedial planning and implementation process by using a conceptual model description as a technical foundation for decisions identifying endpoints. Endpoints are defined as interim remediation targets or decision points on the path to an ultimate end, and maintaining protectiveness during the remediation process. Results demonstrate that the three‐component remedy used at Test Area North as an example of the structured framework is largely functioning as intended and is projected to meet remedial action objectives by 2095. The remedy approach is being adjusted as new data become available. The framework provides a structured process for evaluating and adjusting the remediation approach, allowing site owners, regulators, and stakeholders to manage contamination at complex sites where adaptive remedies are needed. ©2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Remedy Implementation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Remedy Implementation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systems-based Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Idaho National Laboratory Test Area North: Application of Endpoints to Guide Adaptive Remediation at a Complex Site

Lee

Truex²,

Freshley³

et al. 2016

Remediation

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“…A number of remediation strategies have been developed in recent years to deal with DNAPL sites. These include source mass reduction via thermal or chemical oxidation or surfactant flushing (e.g., Liang and Falta, 2008;Heron et al, 2009;Thompson et al, 2007) and introduction of electron donors (EDs) and other amendments in wells or trenches to enhance in situ contaminant biodecay within the source and/or dissolved plume (Wymore et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Cost-Optimization of Characterization and Remediation Decisions at DNAPL Sites with Consideration of Prediction Uncertainty

Parker¹,

Kim²,

Kitanidis³

et al. 2011

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Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. AbstractObjective. The goal of this project was to develop a practical tool for optimizing the design and operation of groundwater remediation systems that explicitly considers uncertainty in site and remediation system characteristics, performance and cost model limitations, and measurement uncertainties that affect predictions of remediation performance and cost. The project was specifically focused on chlorinated solvent contaminated sites with dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) sources.Technical Approach. The method is based on a semi-analytical mathematical model to simulate DNAPL source depletion and dissolved phase transport in response to natural and engineered conditions. The performance model is coupled with cost functions for thermal source zone treatment and enhanced bioremediation. Compliance criteria are defined by statistical rules. The performance model is also coupled with an inverse solution to estimate model parameters, parameter covariances, and residual prediction error. A stochastic cost optimization (SCO) algorithm is used to determine values for design variables that minimize expected net present value cost over Monte Carlo realizations. The method is implemented in SCOToolkit software.The method was applied to two well-characterized sites where different remedial technologies were used, to evaluate its ability to reduce costs and improve remedial designs.Results. Stochastic cost optimization of design and monitoring variables was found to reduce expected costs by 50% or more relative to conventional design methods, and to substantially increase the probability of meeting compliance targets. Although additional field applications to demonstrate the method are needed, along with development of a "user friendly" interface, the method was shown to be highly effective for two field test sites.At the first site, the Fort Lewis East Gate Disposal Yard (EGDY) site, optimization of thermal source treatment indicated a need for a much larger treatment area than was actually employed, to avoid a high failure probability associated with source delineation uncertainty based on available source characterization data. Source treatment may be cost effective if additional characterization were...

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“…These include source mass reduction via thermal or chemical oxidation or surfactant flushing (e.g., Liang and Falta 2008;Heron et al 2009; Thomson et al 2007) and introduction of electron donors and other amendments in wells or trenches to enhance in situ contaminant biodecay within the source and/ or dissolved plume (Wymore et al 2006). These include source mass reduction via thermal or chemical oxidation or surfactant flushing (e.g., Liang and Falta 2008;Heron et al 2009; Thomson et al 2007) and introduction of electron donors and other amendments in wells or trenches to enhance in situ contaminant biodecay within the source and/ or dissolved plume (Wymore et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic Cost Optimization of Multistrategy DNAPL Site Remediation

Parker¹,

Kim²,

Kitanidis³

et al. 2010

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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This paper investigates numerical optimization of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) site remediation design considering effects of prediction and measurement uncertainty. Results are presented for a hypothetical problem involving remediation using thermal source reduction (TSR) and bioremediation with electron donor (ED) injection. Pump‐and‐treat is utilized as a backup measure if compliance criteria are not met. Remediation system design variables are optimized to minimize expected net present value (ENPV) cost. Adaptive criteria are assumed for real‐time control of TSR and ED duration. Source zone dissolved concentration data enabled more reliable and lower cost operation of TSR than soil concentration data, but using both soil and dissolved data improved results sufficiently to more than offset the additional cost. Decisions to terminate remediation and monitoring or to initiate pump‐and‐treat are complicated by measurement noise. Simultaneous optimization of monitoring frequency, averaging period, and lookback periods to confirm decisions, in addition to remediation design variables, reduced ENPV cost. Results indicate that remediation design under conditions of uncertainty is affected by subtle interactions and tradeoffs between design variables, compliance rules, site characteristics, and uncertainty in model predictions and monitoring data. Optimized designs yielded cost savings of up to approximately 50% compared with a nonoptimized design based on common engineering practices. Significant improvements in accuracy and reductions in cost were achieved by recalibrating the model to data collected during remediation and re‐optimizing design variables. Repeating this process periodically is advisable to minimize total costs and maximize reliability.

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Enhanced anaerobic bioremediation in a DNAPL residual source zone: Test Area North case study

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Idaho National Laboratory Test Area North: Application of Endpoints to Guide Adaptive Remediation at a Complex Site

Idaho National Laboratory Test Area North: Application of Endpoints to Guide Adaptive Remediation at a Complex Site

Practical Cost-Optimization of Characterization and Remediation Decisions at DNAPL Sites with Consideration of Prediction Uncertainty

Stochastic Cost Optimization of Multistrategy DNAPL Site Remediation

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