Enhanced anti-bacterial activities of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/CuO nanocomposites synthesized using Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. fruit extract

Abstract

A green synthesis route was developed for preparation of the ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by using Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. fruit extract, and their anti-bacterial activities against two pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive), were investigated. The fabricated nanomaterials were characterized by XRD, EDX, FESEM, TEM, TGA, FT-IR, UV-vis DRS and BET instruments. The results showed that the sizes of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in the ZnO/CuO (10%) nanocomposite were 12 and 8 nm, respectively. In addition, specific surface areas of the ZnO (W), ZnO (ext) and ZnO/CuO samples were 29.3, 27.5 and 18.0 m/g, respectively. The results obtained from EDX, TGA, FT-IR and UV-Vis DRS analyses displayed that some of the organic compounds from the fruit extract have bonded to the surface of the samples fabricated in the presence of the fruit extract. The results revealed that the anti-bacterial activity of the fabricated samples is as ZnO/CuO (10%) > ZnO/CuO (5%) > ZnO (ext) > ZnO (W). Viability percentages for E. coli and S. aureus bacteria were 12.1 ± 0.39 and 14.9 ± 0.65 in the presence of the ZnO/CuO (10%) nanocomposite, respectively. The SEM images clearly demonstrated the disruption of the bacterial membranes during the inactivation process.

Inactivating pathogenic bacteria in greywater by biosynthesized Cu/Zn nanoparticles from secondary metabolite of Aspergillus iizukae; optimization, mechanism and techno economic analysis

“…5.4 log reduction for actual and predicted values, respectively (S4 Table). In comparison with a previous study conducted by Mohammadi-Aloucheh et al [21], Cu/Zn nanocomposites with 0.128 mg mL -1 revealed high anti-bacterial activities against both E . coli and S .…”

“…The differences might be related to the nature of inactivation process. Mohammadi-Aloucheh et al [21] had studied the inactivation in broth medium that contains high nutrients. Instead, this study used the greywater samples for inactivation process.…”

“…However, the biosynthesis of bimetallic Cu/Zn NPs from fungi have not been reported before, while the optimization of Cu/Zn NPs in inactivating pathogenic bacteria has not yet being investigate. However, a study conducted by Mohammadi-Aloucheh et al [21] had observed the effect of the cell surface against antimicrobial activity using Cu/Zn NPs that biosynthesized from Vaccinium arctostaphylos . Cu/Zn.…”

Optimization of green biosynthesized visible light active CuO/ZnO nano-photocatalysts for the degradation of organic methylene blue dye

“…The respective mixtures were added drop-wise into 80 mL of the biomass filtrate, resulting in a final concentration of 5 mM. The pH of each composite solution was adjusted to 10 using the NaOH solution, which was added drop-wise while being stirred [ 43 ]. The formed precipitates were collected and washed twice with distilled water, followed by oven-drying at 80 °C for 48 h.…”

Antiplanktonic, antibiofilm, antiswarming motility and antiquorum sensing activities of green synthesized Ag–TiO2, TiO2–Ag, Ag–Cu and Cu–Ag nanocomposites against multi-drug-resistant bacteria

“…SEM images of Ag-TiO 2 (a, b, c, d); TiO 2 -Ag (e, f, g, h); Ag-Cu (i, j, k, l) and Cu-Ag (m, n, o, p) NCs.biosynthesized with surfactant of sodium alginate against S. aureus were 28, 29 and 27 mm[8]. Moreover, 12.1 ± 0.39 and 14.9 ± 0.65 of viability percentages were observed respectively for E. coli and S. aureus under stress of ZnO/CuO (10%) metal NCs[31].Evaluation of minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC)MIC and MBC results showed similar antibacterial activity with agar diffusion assay. As demonstrated inFigure 8, Ag-TiO 2 and TiO 2 -Ag NCs had higher bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects than Ag-Cu and Cu-Ag NPs against E. coli.…”