Enhanced antimicrobial activity and In-vitro local anaesthetic activity of bupivacaine adsorbed reduced graphene oxide

Abstract

Current work proposed an easy, one-pot and green strategy for graphene oxide deoxygenation with the help of quercetin, which acts as a reducing agent in presence of bupivacaine. This synthetic approach avoids the use of harmful reducing agents. The descriptive results of Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (X-RD), Ultra violet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy for reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and synthesized graphene oxide (GO) indicates the oxygen containing groups removal followed by reduction process thereafter, stabilization using bupivacaine. Transparent and thin silk-like graphene sheets was exhibited by TEM analysis. Graphene sheets stabilization using oxidized form of quercitin molecules was proved by the analysis of Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The deoxygenation of GO to RGO was represented by the analysis of XPS and XRD. These outcomes show that this synthetic strategy is the best approach for large scale preparation of RGO in an easy, eco-friendly and cost effective method. Furthermore, the local anaesthetic activity was studied in guinea pig and frogs, which revealed the substantial local anaesthetic activity of prepared BRGO. Also, antimicrobial studies performed using the MTT assay, CFU enumeration, and growth curve analysis, which revealed that BRGO exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against dental pathogens. These findings suggest that BRGO could serve as a promising antibacterial material for dental care and therapy.