Enhanced approach of assessing the corrosive wear of engineering materials under impingement

Giourntas, Lampros Gerasimos; Hodgkiess, T.; Galloway, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2015.06.004

Cited by 18 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although there was very little difference between the materials in the DIZ in 90° impingement, there was a significant reduction (up to 41%) of mass loss in the OA of the nitrided Stellite 6 weld claddings compared to the non-nitrided Stellite 6 weld claddings. As the mechanical damage in the OA is sliding abrasion [24,[27][28], this improvement can be attributed to the increase in hardness associated with the production of chromium nitrides during the nitriding process, which improves the sliding abrasion resistance of the materials [29][30]. However, this benefit of the nitriding treatment did not extend to the behaviour in the DIZ where different erosion mechanisms are occurring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volumetric analysis technique represents a clear example of the benefits associated with extending the evaluation of erosion-corrosion impingement tests to include the measurement of wear scar volume [24]. In other words, the extended analysis strategy enables the trends shown by total mass loss measurements alone, to be more appropriately ascribed to different wear mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A volumetric analysis technique [24] was also utilised to provide further evaluation of the inherent corrosive wear resistance of the tested materials. Mass losses for the two distinct wear zones (directly impinged zone -"DIZ" and the outer area -"OA") can be obtained by converting the measured DIZ volume losses to mass losses via the known density (8.4 g/cm³) of Stellite 6 followed by subtraction from the measured total mass loss:…”

Section: Volumetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erosion-corrosion tests were conducted in an impinging aqueous saline solution at 20° and 90° impingement angles. Mass loss measurements, potentiodynamic measurements, wear scar depths and an in-house volumetric analysis technique [24] were used to assess the corrosive wear behaviour of the tested materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of nitriding on the corrosive wear performance of a single and double layer Stellite 6 weld cladding

Brownlie

Hodgkiess²,

Pearson³

et al. 2017

Wear

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This study investigates the corrosive wear behaviour of single and double layer Stellite 6 (UNS R30006) weld claddings and the effectiveness of nitriding on their erosion-corrosion resistance. Tests were conducted by utilising an impinging slurry jet. The slurry consisted of 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution which contained 500 µm spherical silica sand with a concentration of 2.4 g/l. The velocity of the jet was 18 m/s and the testing temperature ranged from 16–27°C. The erosion-corrosion tests were conducted at low angle (20°) and at normal incidence (90°). Mass losses, wear scar depths and a volumetric analysis technique were used to assess the damage in the Direct Impinged Zone (DIZ) and the Outer Area (OA) of the specimens. Electrochemical monitoring was also utilised to assess the inherent corrosion resistance of the materials. Although nitriding was found to reduce the pure corrosion resistance of the Stellite 6 weld claddings and did not appear to affect the 90° direct impingement damage, nitriding did yield benefits in terms of low angle sliding abrasion resistance

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volumetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of nitriding on the corrosive wear performance of a single and double layer Stellite 6 weld cladding

Brownlie

Hodgkiess²,

Pearson³

et al. 2017

Wear

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“…The problems usually arise when a stream of water impinges on, or flows over components especially whenever there is a change of flow direction and/or a change in the cross-sectional area of the flow passage [10,11]. In erosion, solid particles entrained in high-velocity jets are repeatedly impacted on the metal at oblique angles, resulting in material removal from the surface, whereas corrosion is a material loss because of chemical or electrochemical reactions [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Impingement Velocity and Angle Variation on the Erosion Corrosion Performance of API 5L-X65 Carbon Steel in a Flow Loop

Toor

Irshad

Badr

et al. 2018

Metals

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Erosion corrosion performance of API 5L-X65 carbon steel was investigated at three different impingement velocities (3, 6 & 12 m/s), five different angles (15, 30, 45, 60, & 90 • ), and with/without solid particles (average particle size of 314 µm). The experiments were conducted in 0.2 M NaCl solution at room temperature for a duration of 24 h and the results showed that the maximum erosion corrosion rate was observed at 45 • irrespective of the velocity. The highest erosion corrosion rate at 45 • was due to the balance between the shear and normal impact stress at this angle. Ploughing, deep craters, and micro-forging/plastic deformation were found to be the main erosion corrosion mechanisms. The maximum wear scar depth measured using optical profilometery was found to be 51 µm (average) at an impingement angle of 45 • .

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Erosion-Corrosion Mechanisms of Engineering Steels in Different NaCl Concentrations

Brownlie

Hodgkiess

Pearson³

et al. 2021

J Bio Tribo Corros

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This study utilises a recently developed, enhanced approach to assess detailed aspects of the corrosive wear behaviour of different steel grades in aqueous slurries containing three NaCl concentrations (0.05%NaCl, 3.5%NaCl and 10%NaCl). Erosion-corrosion testing was conducted using a slurry impingement test rig and damage was quantified using volume loss, potentiodynamic polarisation scans and surface topography. Single- and segmented specimens were adopted to yield the contribution of the degradation mechanisms in the two hydrodynamic zones (directly impinged and surrounding area). The overall material losses from the two zones of the stainless steels were observed to increase with increasing salinity. However, the overall material loss for the low-alloy steel was found to increase from 0.05%NaCl to 3.5%NaCl, before reducing when the salinity was further increased to 10%NaCl. Changes in salinity were observed to have the most effect on the corrosion-enhanced mechanical damage mechanism. The in-house developed technique demonstrated good linkage between single samples and the outer area damage region. However, it also showed that the use of single samples can be less successful when assessing highly turbulent (directly impinged) damage regions.

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Enhanced approach of assessing the corrosive wear of engineering materials under impingement

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of nitriding on the corrosive wear performance of a single and double layer Stellite 6 weld cladding

Effect of nitriding on the corrosive wear performance of a single and double layer Stellite 6 weld cladding

The Effect of Impingement Velocity and Angle Variation on the Erosion Corrosion Performance of API 5L-X65 Carbon Steel in a Flow Loop

Erosion-Corrosion Mechanisms of Engineering Steels in Different NaCl Concentrations

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