Enhanced barrier properties of biodegradable PBAT/acetylated lignin films

Kim, Jungkyu; Bang, Junsik; Park, Sangwoo; Jung, Min-Jung; Jung, Seungoh; Yun, Hong Sik; Kim, Jong-Hwa; Choi, In-Gyu; Kwak, Hyo Won

doi:10.1016/j.susmat.2023.e00686

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…As reported by Kim et al (2017) , the combination of acetylated lignin with PLA exhibited a lower water vapor transmission rate compared to unmodified lignin. Similarly, Johansson et al (2023) observed a significant delay in moisture absorbance for acetylated lignin over 28 days, and Kim et al (2023) noted the maintenance of contact angles from water droplet experiments. The acetylation reaction primarily blocks hydroxyl groups in lignin, increasing hydrophobicity and consequently reducing lignin’s interaction with water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Elucidating intermolecular forces to improve compatibility of kraft lignin in poly(lactic acid)

Esakkimuthu,

Ponnuchamy,

Sipponen

et al. 2024

Front. Chem.

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Owing to its abundant supply from renewable resources, lignin has emerged as a promising functional filler for the development of sustainable composite materials. However, achieving good interfacial compatibility between lignin and synthetic polymers, particularly poly (lactic acid) (PLA), remains a fundamental challenge. To advance the development of high-performance bio-based composites incorporating lignin and PLA, our study has scrutinized to unravel the nuances of interfacial binding interactions with the lignin and PLA composite system. Molecular level and experimental examinations were employed to decipher fundamental mechanisms governing and demonstrating the interfacial adhesion. We synthesized casted films of lignin/PLA and acetylated lignin/PLA at varying weight percentages of lignin (5%, 10%, and 20%) and comprehensively investigated their physicochemical and mechanical properties. The inclusion of acetylated lignin in the composites resulted in improved mechanical strength and Young’s modulus, while the glass transition temperature and melting point were reduced compared to neat PLA. Systematic variations in these properties revealed distinct compatibility behaviors between unmodified lignin and acetylated lignin when incorporated into PLA. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results elucidated that the observed changes in material properties were primarily attributed to the acetylation of lignin. Acetylated lignin exhibited lower Coulombic interaction energy and higher van der Waals forces, indicating a stronger affinity to PLA and a reduced propensity for intermolecular aggregation compared to unmodified lignin. Our findings highlight the critical role of controlling intermolecular interactions and lignin aggregation to develop PLA composites with predictable performance for new applications, such as functional packaging materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Elucidating intermolecular forces to improve compatibility of kraft lignin in poly(lactic acid)

Esakkimuthu,

Ponnuchamy,

Sipponen

et al. 2024

Front. Chem.

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“…Wang et al (2020)., reported the fabrication of ligninbased (30-50 wt%) biodegradable composites with superior performances by incorporating lignin into the PBAT matrix, the work presents a green and feasible route to produce cost-efficient biodegradable materials with controlled mechanical and UV-shielding properties for packaging application [27]. According to the previous studies, it is not only modified lignin should be used for enhancing the performance of blend systems, but also additives should be used, such as coupling agents, plasticizers, and compatibilizers [1,[28][29][30], the production process is very complex, high-cost, and is not environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Lignin/pbat Biodegradable Plastics Films Via ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Lignin/Pbat Biodegradable Plastics Films via Reactive Extrusion and Their Thermal, Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties

Dong,

Gao,

Luo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Biodegradable and renewable plastic films have been regarded as promising alternative green materials to achieve the substitution polythene (PE)films to reduce plastic pollution. Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a kind of biodegradable polyester, which is widely used in the production of biodegradable mulching films. However, the high cost of PBAT limited it applications. Thus, lignin, one of the most abundant biomass resources was incorporated into PBAT matrix in the present work. A series of Lignin/PBAT biodegradable plastics films with different Lignin/PBAT weight ratios (0.00 %-5.00 %) were successfully fabricated using twin screw and twin roll extruders. The chemical compositions, morphologies, thermal stabilities, mechanical properties, and barrier properties of samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TG/DSC, mechanical testing machine, and WVTR, respectively. Results show that the corporation of lignin into PBAT matrix could lead to improved thermal stabilities, mechanical properties and barrier properties of films even after Xenon lamp aging process, especially when Lignin/PBAT weight ratio is 1.00 % in the present work. This work provides a very promising approach for fabrication of biodegradable plastics films with low cost, enhanced mechanical properties and barrier properties, the as-prepared samples may have potential applications in agricultural or food packaging materials.

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“…13,14 However, PBAT also has drawbacks, such as low melt strength, modulus and tensile strength, as well as a poor barrier to H 2 O, O 2 , and CO 2 . 15,16 Adding chain extenders is one of the methods to improve the mechanical properties, melt strength, and processability of PBAT. By reacting the active functional groups on the chain extenders with functional groups such as hydroxyl-terminated groups and carboxyl-terminated groups in PBAT macromolecules, the polymer molecular chains are connected by "bridging", so that the molecular weight of the polymer is significantly increased and the viscosity of the polymer melt is also increased, thereby improving and enhancing its melt strength, mechanical properties, thermal properties, and processability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Replacing the traditional plastic mulching film with fully biodegradable ones should be the main solution to avoid plastic pollution in farmland . Poly(butylene adipate- co -terephthalate) (PBAT) is a biodegradable thermoplastic biopolyester random copolymer formed by polycondensation of butanediol, adipic acid, and terephthalic acid, which shows good biodegradability and mechanical properties due to the existence of aliphatic functional groups and the aromatic structures in the molecular chain. − PBAT has good thermal stability and processability, and its melting point is similar to that of polyethylene, and so it is considered as a promising substitute for the traditional plastic mulch film made of polyethylene. , However, PBAT also has drawbacks, such as low melt strength, modulus and tensile strength, as well as a poor barrier to H 2 O, O 2 , and CO 2 . , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrin-Based Isocyanate Functional Chain Extender and Its Application in Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-Based Agricultural Materials

Han,

Fan,

Jiang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Replacing traditional plastics with biodegradable materials, such as poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), is a reliable way to avoid farmland environmental pollution. However, the physical and mechanical properties of PBAT still have much to improve. Adding chain extenders to modify PBAT is one of the primary means. So far, the main chain extenders used are epoxy, anhydride, oxazoline, and isocyanate. In this paper, a blocked isocyanate chain extender with biological cyclodextrin as the skeleton material was designed and prepared(B3H35). When it was added to PBAT for melt blending at high temperature, the active isocyanate groups released by its deblocking reaction wound reacted with the terminal hydroxyl groups or carboxylic acid groups of PBAT to extend the molecular chain of PBAT, and then, a three-dimensional network was constructed based on dynamic hydrogen bonding, molecular entanglement, and physical cross-linking. As a result, the strength and toughness of PBAT improved simultaneously. Compared with pure PBAT, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and toughness of PBAT/B3H35 (2 wt %) increased by 17.7, 8.1, and 31.6%, respectively. In addition, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, used as a blocking agent in this paper, is also released by deblocking during melt blending and endows PBAT/B3H35 with an excellent nitrification inhibition effect in agricultural soil. The experimental results show that the nitrification inhibition rate of the PBAT/B3H35 (3 wt %) reaches 80.64% after 35 days of landfill, significantly improving the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer, thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution. Overall, this work provides an idea and direction for designing and preparing functional chain extenders with simultaneous enhancement and toughening effects and nitrification inhibition functions for agricultural materials.

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Enhanced barrier properties of biodegradable PBAT/acetylated lignin films

Cited by 21 publications

References 56 publications

Elucidating intermolecular forces to improve compatibility of kraft lignin in poly(lactic acid)

Elucidating intermolecular forces to improve compatibility of kraft lignin in poly(lactic acid)

Fabrication of Lignin/Pbat Biodegradable Plastics Films via Reactive Extrusion and Their Thermal, Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties

Cyclodextrin-Based Isocyanate Functional Chain Extender and Its Application in Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-Based Agricultural Materials

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