Enhanced continental chemical weathering during the multiple early Eocene hyperthermals: New constraints from the southern Indian Ocean

Tanaka, Erika; Yasukawa, Kazutaka; Ohta, Junichiro; Kato, Yasuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2022.05.022

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…However, such low values are broadly indicative of weak chemical weathering, and if true, suggest a prevalence of physical 265 weathering and erosion during the Middle Eocene. This contrasts with the assumption of intense weathering trends during global warming and recently published results for earlier hyperthermals [Tanaka et al, 2022]. For instance, during the PETM, CIA values have been estimated to be in the 75-85 % range [Stokke et al, 2021].…”

Section: Weathering Conditionscontrasting

confidence: 59%

Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) and its imprint in the continental Escanilla Formation, Spain

Sharma

Spangenberg

Adatte

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) is a global warming event mainly described in the marine domain but less in the terrestrial domain. This study presents a comprehensive geochemical record of the MECO from the Escanilla Formation, a fluvial sedimentary succession in the southern Pyrenees, Spain, based on a suite of sampled paleosols, fluvial stromatolites and pedogenic nodules. Our multiproxy approach involves using carbon and oxygen stable isotope compositions to identify the regional preservation of the MECO, calculate chemical weathering intensity and identify the clay mineralogy of paleosols, as well as to estimate mean annual precipitation using temperature estimates based on clumped isotope compositions of carbonates. Results indicate that the Middle Eocene interval in the south central Pyrenees was characterized by low weathering rates under warm and arid climatic conditions. This is further supported by the presence of smectite, palygorskite, illite, and chlorite, which suggest seasonal rainfall but under generally dry conditions resulting in weak chemical weathering. Importantly, an isotopic excursion indicates a regional, terrestrial impact of the MECO, highlighting that fluvial sedimentary successions even in active foreland basins can represent particularly interesting terrestrial archives of past changes in global climate.

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Section: Weathering Conditionscontrasting

confidence: 59%

Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) and its imprint in the continental Escanilla Formation, Spain

Sharma

Spangenberg

Adatte

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Since our study is based on the bulk chemical composition, our discussion remains limited to suggesting the geological phenomena that result in the accumulation and migration of source materials at this site. To further validate these interpretations, future investigations using proxies for continental chemical weathering (e.g., 187 Os/ 188 Os and δ 7 Li; Pogge von Strandmann et al, 2021;Ravizza et al, 2001;Tanaka et al, 2022), biological productivity (e.g., barite accumulation rate and δ 138/134 Ba; Bains et al, 2000;Bridgestock et al, 2019;Ma et al, 2014;Miyazaki et al, 2023), paleo-seawater pH (e.g., δ 11 B; Anagnostou et al, 2020;Gutjahr et al, 2017;Harper et al, 2020;Henehan et al, 2020), and paleo-redox conditions (e.g., δ 98/95 Mo and δ 15 N; Auderset et al, 2022;Dickson, 2017;Siebert et al, 2003) may be necessary. By combining the results of ICA applied to bulk chemistry with a multi-proxy record involving various isotopes, we expect to gain a deeper understanding of the Earth system's responses to transient global warmings during the early Paleogene.…”

Section: Post-depositional Geochemical Processes Associated With Hype...mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Additionally, an increase in detrital input may also contribute to a decrease in the IC3 score during hyperthermals. As it has been argued that the weathering of terrestrial material increased during the hyperthermals (e.g., Ravizza et al, 2001;Tanaka et al, 2022), we cannot exclude the possibility of an increase in detrital input into the depositional area of the Site 762C.…”

Section: Long-term Biogenic Calcium Phosphate Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In reconstructing the paleoceanographic record at Site 762C, each IC can be interpreted as a reflection of a distinct aspect of paleoenvironmental changes due to the hyperthermals. Under the warm hyperthermal climate, increased chemical weathering and riverine drainage could have occurred (e.g., Dickson et al, 2015;Pogge von Strandmann et al, 2021;Ravizza et al, 2001;Tanaka et al, 2022). The increase in the relative contribution of the fluvial detrital component, represented by positive excursions in IC3, can be interpreted as a result of these environmental changes.…”

Section: Post-depositional Geochemical Processes Associated With Hype...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geochemical investigation of Indian Ocean sediments can provide fundamental keys for evaluating global behavior in the early Paleogene hothouse. While geochemical records of hyperthermals, especially of the PETM, from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans have been well established (e.g., Cramer et al, 2003;Hollis et al, 2015;Lauretano et al, 2015;Leon-Rodriguez & Dickens, 2010;Littler et al, 2014;Stap et al, 2010;Westerhold et al, 2018), there are only a few records of hyperthermals from the Indian Ocean (Slotnick et al, 2015;Tanaka et al, 2022;Tremolada & Bralower, 2004;Yasukawa et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean

Kuwahara,

Yasukawa,

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The early Paleogene is characterized by a “hothouse” environment with repetitive transient warming events known as “hyperthermals.” While these paleoenvironmental changes are well-documented in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, records of such changes in the Indian Ocean are limited. Here, we present a new dataset of bulk chemical composition and stable isotopic ratios of the late Paleocene–middle Eocene sediments on the Exmouth Plateau in the mid-latitude eastern Indian Ocean. The bulk δ13C and δ18O suggest a warming period called the Early Eocene Climate Optimum (EECO) and cooling towards the middle Eocene in a long-term perspective. From a short-term perspective, we identified at least five hyperthermals (PETM, H2, I1, J, and ETM3) in the studied sections. We identified six independent components (ICs) corresponding to sediment source materials and post-depositional processes by applying independent component analyses (ICA) to the bulk chemical composition data. The time-series behavior of IC3 indicates an increase in detrital material or a decrease in carbonate rain flux during both long-term (EECO) and short-term (hyperthermal) warming. Additionally, the rise in IC2 implies an increased population of high consumers in the oceanic ecosystem during warming events around the Exmouth Plateau. Other ICs (IC1, IC4, IC5, and IC6), indicators of diagenetic processes and post-depositional remobilization of elements, showed excursions across hyperthermal horizons. These observations indicate that changes in the redox state of pore or bottom water in the Exmouth Plateau are associated with hyperthermals.

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Accelerated light carbon sequestration following late Paleocene-early Eocene carbon cycle perturbations

Piedrahita

Zhao

Roberts

et al. 2023

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Enhanced continental chemical weathering during the multiple early Eocene hyperthermals: New constraints from the southern Indian Ocean

Cited by 12 publications

References 119 publications

Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) and its imprint in the continental Escanilla Formation, Spain

Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) and its imprint in the continental Escanilla Formation, Spain

Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean

Accelerated light carbon sequestration following late Paleocene-early Eocene carbon cycle perturbations

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