Enhanced dielectric and piezoelectric properties in BaZrO3 modified BiFeO3–PbTiO3 high temperature ceramics

Low‐temperature sintering of BF‐PT‐BZ ternary solid solutions with enhanced piezoelectric properties

“…The mixed rhombohedral and tetragonal phases in BF‐PT‐0.2BZ ceramics with LB exhibit that the ceramics have the MPB behavior. The ionic radius of Li + , Ti 4+ , Bi 3+ , and Pb 2+ is of 0.068, 0.06, 0.096, and 0.118 nm, respectively . Considering the ionic radius and valence differences, Li + ions may enter into both A‐ and B‐ sites of the host perovskite materials causing a distortion in the lattice.…”

“…The ionic radius of Li + , Ti 4+ , Bi 3+ , and Pb 2+ is of 0.068, 0.06, 0.096, and 0.118 nm, respectively. 15,19 Considering the ionic radius and valence differences, Li + ions may enter into both A-and B-sites of the host perovskite materials causing a distortion in the lattice. When Li + cations replace Pb 2+ and Ti 4+ cations simultaneously, the cation vacancies of V ε Pb and V εε Ti will be produced, and the escaped Pb 2+ and Ti 4+ cations from those sites will combine with oxygen to form PbO and TiO 2 , respectively, which react with each other to form the tetragonal PbTiO 3 .…”

“…The third end‐members, such as PbZrO 3 , Bi(Zn 1/3 Ti 2/3 )O 3 , BaTiO 3 , BaZrO 3 , and Ba(Zr 0.25 Ti 0.75 )O 3 , have been incorporated with BF‐PT binary ceramics making the most interesting materials for high‐performance piezoelectric applications. Among these, BF‐PT‐BZ ternary ceramics with BZ content of less than 10 at% have been fabricated to possess a high T c of 540°C and a d 33 of 117 pC/N, while a large bipolar strain of 0.45% with a high d 33 of 270 pC/N has been achieved for BZ of close to 20 at%. BF‐PT‐BZ ceramics with such excellent piezoelectric properties and large strains have promising applications in multilayer piezoelectric actuators.…”

“…6,7 Most recently, the ternary system has been designed to reduce the c/a ratios and improve piezoelectric properties of BF-PT based ceramics. The third end-members, such as PbZrO 3 , 8,9 Bi(Zn 1/3 Ti 2/3 )O 3 , 10,11 BaTiO 3 ,12,13 BaZrO 3 , [14][15][16][17] and Ba(Zr 0.25 Ti 0.75 )O 3 , 18 have been incorporated with BF-PT binary ceramics making the most interesting materials for high-performance piezoelectric applications. Among these, BF-PT-BZ ternary ceramics with BZ content of less than 10 at% have been fabricated to possess a high T c of 540°C and a d 33 of 117 pC/N, 15 while a large bipolar strain of 0.45% with a high d 33 of 270 pC/N 14 has been achieved for BZ of close to 20 at%.…”

Large piezoelectricity and high Curie temperature in novel bismuth ferrite‐based ferroelectric ceramics

“…The other reason is that high leakage current and dielectric loss make it difficult to be proper electrical poled for ceramics. Thus, there is a growing number of reports devoted to d 33 enhancement by site engineering 23‐36 . However, the general principles for its rational use have not yet been well achieved.…”