Enhanced Electrochemical Performance Promoted by Tin in Silica Anode Materials for Stable and High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Although the silicon oxide (SiO2) as an anode material shows potential and promise for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), owing to its high capacity, low cost, abundance, and safety, severe capacity decay and sluggish charge transfer during the discharge–charge process has caused a serious challenge for available applications. Herein, a novel 3D porous silicon oxide@Pourous Carbon@Tin (SiO2@Pc@Sn) composite anode material was firstly designed and synthesized by freeze-drying and thermal-melting self-assembly, in which SiO2 microparticles were encapsulated in the porous carbon as well as Sn nanoballs being uniformly dispersed in the SiO2@Pc-like sesame seeds, effectively constructing a robust and conductive 3D porous Jujube cake-like architecture that is beneficial for fast ion transfer and high structural stability. Such a SiO2@Pc@Sn micro-nano hierarchical structure as a LIBs anode exhibits a large reversible specific capacity ~520 mAh·g−1, initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) ~52%, outstanding rate capability, and excellent cycling stability over 100 cycles. Furthermore, the phase evolution and underlying electrochemical mechanism during the charge–discharge process were further uncovered by cyclic voltammetry (CV) investigation.

Fast-Charging Anode Materials and Novel Nanocomposite Design of Rice Husk-Derived SiO2 and Sn Nanoparticles Self-Assembled on TiO2(B) Nanorods for Lithium-Ion Storage Applications

“… 40 The increased specific capacity and ICE of Sn–SiO 2 @TiO 2 (B) were attributed to the fact that the presence of Sn improved the overall electrical conductivity of the Sn–SiO 2 @TiO 2 (B) electrode, allowing electrons to arrive at the surface of TiO 2 (B) and SiO 2 , facilitating Li + transfer in the nanocomposites. 41 Furthermore, the advantages of nanostructured Sn provide a high surface area and a short lithium-ion diffusion path length, which offer a high contact area with the electrolyte and a large active site for lithium storage. For these reasons, adding Sn, the Sn–SiO 2 @TiO 2 (B) electrode, can effectively improve its electrochemical activity and specific capacity.…”

“…Also, SiO 2 acted as an insulator with low intrinsic electrical conductivity, which was the cause of the low initial Coulombic efficiency . The increased specific capacity and ICE of Sn–SiO 2 @TiO 2 (B) were attributed to the fact that the presence of Sn improved the overall electrical conductivity of the Sn–SiO 2 @TiO 2 (B) electrode, allowing electrons to arrive at the surface of TiO 2 (B) and SiO 2 , facilitating Li + transfer in the nanocomposites . Furthermore, the advantages of nanostructured Sn provide a high surface area and a short lithium-ion diffusion path length, which offer a high contact area with the electrolyte and a large active site for lithium storage.…”

Facile Synthesis of Carbon Nanospheres with High Capability to Inhale Selenium Powder for Electrochemical Energy Storage

“…DLi + ∝ 1/σ 2 , (2) This equation is utilized to determine the diffusion coefficient for the composite before and after cycling [37][38][39][40], and the obtained values for the σ for fresh and for the cell after 70 cycles are 472.2 and 1303.89, respectively, as illustrated in Figure 5b.…”

A Free‐Standing Polyaniline/Silicon Nanowire Forest as the Anode for Lithium‐ion Batteries

“…Besides mitigating volume changes via nanostructuring, a range of engineering solutions has also been used to enhance the poor conductivity of Si anode. It can be in the form of synthesizing nanocomposite with conductive carbon, introducing dopant, or growing a thin conductive film on the surface of silicon [26–30] . Among these, a composite comprising a conductive polymer network and nanostructured silicon results in an advantageous synergistic combination [31] .…”

“…It can be in the form of synthesizing nanocomposite with conductive carbon, introducing dopant, or growing a thin conductive film on the surface of silicon. [26][27][28][29][30] Among these, a composite comprising a conductive polymer network and nanostructured silicon results in an advantageous synergistic combination. [31] Polyaniline (PANI), in particular, emerged as an attractive contender due to its good conductivity, simple synthesis procedure, and inexpensive cost.…”