We report the synthesis of an electrically
conductive and magnetically
active hybrid biocomposite comprising collagen and polyaniline (PAni)
as the matrix and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as the filler through
an in situ polymerization technique. Here, the matrix biopolymer,
collagen, was extracted from trimmed wastes of animal hides generated
from the leather industry. The as-synthesized C/PAni/IONP hybrid biocomposite
powder possesses excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability,
and saturation magnetization, thereby providing scope for a wide range
of applications. We show that the bifunctional composite has an ability
to conduct electrons using a light emitting diode and battery setup,
degrade dye under sunlight owing to its inherent photocatalytic activity,
and absorb oil from oil–water mixtures with easier collection
under magnetic tracking. We also demonstrate that the composite has
remarkable electromagnetic interference shielding in the X-band frequency
range. The results suggest that biowastes can be converted into useful
high-value hybrid materials for applications in catalysis, biological,
electronic, and environmental fields, thereby presenting a scalable
and sustainable approach.