Enhanced electron injection in organic light-emitting devices using Al/LiF electrodes

The effect of alkaline metal chlorides on the properties of organic light-emitting diodes

“…However, cathodes using low work-function metals are highly reactive and the devices are often damaged. For more practical applications, chemically stable compounds such as lithium fluoride (LiF), magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ) and alkaline metal compounds have been selected to improve the electron injection performance, inserted between Al cathode and the ETL [11][12][13][14].…”

Efficient organic light-emitting diodes with C60 buffer layer

“…Deng et al [2] demonstrated a highly efficient organic device using a SiO 2 buffer layer between the ITO anode and a NPB hole-transporting layer. It has been reported that the presence of an ultra-thin alkali metal fluoride, such as LiF, between Al cathode and the emissive layer can make significant improvement of the device performance [3,4]. C 60 has been used in solar cells because photo induced charge transfer between C 60 and conducting polymers leads to a photovoltaic effect [5,6].…”

Investigation into the effect of LiF at the organic interface on electroluminescence

“…Much effort has been made to improve and balance hole and electron injection to the emitting layer. The use of insulating thin layers between the metal cathode and the organic/polymer layer had dramatically improved lifetimes and quantum efficiency in organic-based LEDs [1][2][3][4]. Such as the insertion of an insulating layer (typically LiF [5][6][7][8]) between the organic layer and the cathode could increase the electron injection, it was also found that an ultrathin LiF layer inserted between an anode and an organic layer could also enhance hole injection [9].…”