Enhanced endotoxin clearance in reversed eck fistula rats during a tolerant stage

Yamaguchi, Yasuo; Mori, Katsutaka; Gans, Henry; Akagi, Masanobu

doi:10.1007/bf02471095

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hepatic endotoxin elimination was also decreased during E. coli bacteraemia in pigs with pre-existing systemic inflammation, corresponding to previous findings in mice hepatocytes [39]. Conversely, increased endotoxin clearance was reported after induction of endotoxin tolerance in rats [40]. Because we investigated global hepatic endotoxin elimination, the mechanisms underlying our findings are unclear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The impact of the systemic inflammatory response on hepatic bacterial elimination in experimental abdominal sepsis

Hanslin

Sjölin

Skorup

et al. 2019

ICMx

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Background Bacterial translocation from the gut has been suggested to induce a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and organ dysfunction. The liver has a pivotal role in eliminating circulating bacteria entering from the gut. We investigated whether pre-existing inflammation affects hepatic bacterial elimination. Methods Fifteen anaesthetised piglets were infused with E. coli in the portal vein for 3 h. The naive group ( n = 6) received the bacterial infusion without endotoxin exposure. SIRS (SIRS group, n = 6) was induced by endotoxin infusion 24 h before the bacterial infusion. For effects of anaesthesia, controls ( n = 3) received saline instead of endotoxin for 24 h. Bacterial counts and endotoxin levels in the portal and hepatic veins were analysed during bacterial infusion. Results The bacterial killing rate was higher in the naive group compared with the SIRS group ( p = 0.001). The ratio of hepatic to portal venous bacterial counts, i.e. the median bacterial influx from the splanchnic circulation, was 0.06 (IQR 0.01–0.11) in the naive group and 0.71 (0.03–1.77) in the SIRS group at 3 h, and a magnitude lower in the naive group during bacteraemia ( p = 0.03). Similar results were seen for hepatic endotoxin elimination. Peak log tumour necrosis factor alpha was higher in the naive 4.84 (4.77–4.89) vs. the SIRS group 3.27 (3.26–3.32) mg/L ( p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that hepatic bacterial and endotoxin elimination is impaired in pigs with pre-existing SIRS while the inflammatory response to bacterial infusion is diminished. If similar mechanisms operate in human critical illness, the hepatic elimination of bacteria from the gut could be impaired by SIRS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40635-019-0266-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The impact of the systemic inflammatory response on hepatic bacterial elimination in experimental abdominal sepsis

Hanslin

Sjölin

Skorup

et al. 2019

ICMx

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“…19,45 Most probably, in addition to down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines, 36 the presumed development of tolerance to endotoxin also involves enhanced endotoxin binding and inactivation by albumin, high density lipoprotein, transferrin, and LBP 56,57 as well as by the reticuloendothelial system. 36,58 Furthermore, the different drinking patterns of the alcoholics may cause temporal variations in their endotoxin levels, which could modify the development of tolerance.…”

Section: Fig 1 (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Coadministration of Endotoxin and Ethanol on Rat Liver Pathology and Proinflammatory and Anti–Inflammatory Cytokines

et al. 1999

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To better understand how gut-derived endotoxins influence alcohol-induced liver injury and the expression of inflammatory cytokines a new animal model was developed. After 2 weeks on a modified ethanol-containing liquid diet, some rats also were infused with endotoxin via osmotic minipumps for 4 additional weeks. Ethanol diet alone increased plasma endotoxin threefold to 9.3 pg/mL. Endotoxin infusion increased the levels to 388 and 513 pg/mL in controls and ethanol-fed animals, respectively. Panlobular macrovesicular and microvesicular steatosis and inflammatory foci were observed in livers from both ethanol-and ethanol-endotoxin-treated animals, but there was no significant potentiation by endotoxin. Only minor changes, mainly polymorphonuclear infiltration, were seen in animals treated with endotoxin alone although the messenger RNA (

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Enhanced endotoxin clearance in reversed eck fistula rats during a tolerant stage

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

The impact of the systemic inflammatory response on hepatic bacterial elimination in experimental abdominal sepsis

The impact of the systemic inflammatory response on hepatic bacterial elimination in experimental abdominal sepsis

Effect of Chronic Coadministration of Endotoxin and Ethanol on Rat Liver Pathology and Proinflammatory and Anti–Inflammatory Cytokines

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