Enhanced energy storage properties of NaNbO3 modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 based ceramics

Electrical properties and relaxation behavior of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 ceramics modified with NaNbO3

“…At 400 • C, the M max value was more than three times larger in x = 0.15 than that in pure BNT-BT. The increase of M max indicates the reduced permittivity with NN addition, being in accordance with the previous results through capacitance measurement at fixed frequency [22]. As to the shoulder, it became depressed and weakened when x = 0.01 and then disappeared when x≥0.03, indicating the quantity decrease or polarizability change of the PNRs related to the shoulder relaxation.…”

“…(6), the permittivity at the peak and the shoulder could be obtained. At 400 • C, the permittivity at the main peak was calculated to be ∼5000, which was close to the sample permittivity (∼4900) in our previous work [22]. It demonstrated that the main peak in M spectra represented the bulk (grain and grain boundary) response.…”

“…XRD analysis shows that in all the samples, single perovskite phase was observed with no obvious impurity. Details of the phase structure and microstructure were reported in [22]. Fig.…”

“…Details of the procedures for the sample preparation and basic characterization were the same as reported in the previous paper [22]. Impedance spectroscopy measurements were taken by a frequency response analyzer (Solartron 1255B, Westborough, USA) over a frequency range from 0.01 Hz to 1 MHz with an ac voltage of 1 V. The obtained data was fitted using ZView software (Scribner Associates Inc., North Carolina, USA).…”

“…In this paper, we selected Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -BaTiO 3 -NaNbO 3 (BNT-BT-NN) as the research system, which was a new energystorage system developed in our previous work [22]. Through impedance spectroscopy analysis, the conduction mechanism and relaxation behavior in BNT-BT-NN ceramics was investigated.…”