“…Given that it is an energy parameter, it is more easily affected by variability in the experimental setup than ultrasonic velocity, such as coupling problems between the ultrasonic sensor and the analysed material, energy loss due to cables, variability between sensors, and so on [6][7][8][9]. Despite these problems, the determination of the ultrasonic attenuation, and more specifically the frequencydependent ultrasonic attenuation, α( f ), [6,8,[10][11][12], is useful because it is sensitive to different defects in materials (e.g. voids, cracks) and other properties, specifically in concrete where the water to cement ratio and cement to aggregate ratio are important variables in concrete design, and they determine its mechanical and physical properties.…”