Enhanced experimental PV plant grid-integration with a MW Lithium-Ion energy storage system

Improved reliability of single-phase PV inverters by limiting the maximum feed-in power

“…As a power limiting control, a Constant Power Generation (CPG) control by limiting maximum feed-in power has been proposed in [9], and witnessed as an effective way to eliminate overloading. When it is compared to the solutions of expanding the power grid infrastructure or integrating energy storage systems to tolerate the peak power [4]- [11], the CPG control might be a more economically viable strategy, since it only contributes to a limited energy yield reduction in a real case, where typically the peak power generation is very rare.…”

“…Seen from this point, it is interesting to justify the long-term performance of PV inverters from both reliability and economic viability (i.e. a trade-off between the lifetime extension and the overall energy yield reduction), and thus find the optimal power limitation level in terms of cost-of-energy [4], [9], [11].…”

“…In the case of a very largescale adoption of PV systems, advanced control strategies like power-ramp limitation and absolute power control, which are currently e.g. required for wind power systems in Denmark, should also be transitioned and strengthened into the nextgeneration PV systems [1], [4]- [9]. As a power limiting control, a Constant Power Generation (CPG) control by limiting maximum feed-in power has been proposed in [9], and witnessed as an effective way to eliminate overloading.…”

Power plant control in large‐scale photovoltaic plants: design, implementation and validation in a 9.4 MW photovoltaic plant

“…For instance, the integration of storage systems to deal with the variability of the renewable sources and the appropriate coordination with the power plant control, which has been addressed in [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The authors from [11] propose a control method for a battery energy storage system to be integrated in renewable plants so that the intermittent resource can be dispatched on an hourly basis.…”

“…The authors from [11] propose a control method for a battery energy storage system to be integrated in renewable plants so that the intermittent resource can be dispatched on an hourly basis. In [12], a power plant control for a PV plant is proposed to accomplish grid code requirements, comparing the operation when the PV plant includes storage support and when it does not. Focusing on the ramp rate control, a model to simulate effective dispatch of energy storage units so as to ensure this requirement is shown in [13].…”