Enhanced expression of genes in the brains of larvae of Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) exposed to short daylength or fed Dopa

Uryu, Masahide; Ninomiya, Yohsuke; Yokoi, Takeshi; Tsuzuki, Seiji; Hayakawa, Yoichi

doi:10.14411/eje.2003.039

Cited by 30 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Therefore, these data strongly suggest that dopamine concentrations in hemolymph and Br-CNS play an important role in controlling the induction of diapause in Mamestra pupae. Although we have not revealed the mechanism by which a high concentration of dopamine induced a diapause-like state, it is reasonable to expect that dopamine must have an inhibitory effect on the secretion of PTTH from brain Insect Cytokine Growth-Blocking Peptide 549 to hemocoel (Noguchi and Hayakawa, 1997;Uryu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Role Of a Gbp-dopamine System In Pupal Diapause Inductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Insect cytokine growth-blocking peptide (GBP) regulates insect development

Hayakawa

2006

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Growth-blocking peptide (GBP) was first identified in the hemolymph of the host armyworm, Pseudaletia separata, whose growth is halted in the last instar larval stage by parasitization with the parasitoid wasp, Cotesia kariyai. Studies on the mechanism of growth retardation by GBP revealed that GBP titers in hemolymph fluctuate synchronously with dopamine levels: GBP and dopamine peaks coincide with each larval molt period, during which larvae temporarily cease moving and feeding. The fact that GBP induced the elevation of dopamine concentration in the hemolymph was demonstrated in armyworm larvae by GBP injection. Dopamine elevation was also observed in insects exposed to various stress conditions such as parasitization and chilling. These results, together with the fact that dopamine itself inhibits larval growth, indicate that GBP induces growth retardation via the elevation of dopamine levels. Further, we demonstrated that the diapause-inducing influence of short day length also elevates dopamine concentrations in hemolymphs and the brain-central nervous system (Br-CNS) of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae. The elevation of dopamine levels contributes to the onset of pupal diapause. We therefore proposed that a GBP-dopamine system contributes to the control of growth rates in insects. Recent studies by ourselves and other laboratories have found more than 10 homologous peptides in various insect species. These peptides have diverse functions: larval growth retardation, paralysis induction, cell proliferation, immune cell stimulation and cardioacceleration. As demonstrated, GBP itself exerts most of these functions, so it is reasonable to conclude that GBP and GBP-like peptides widely present in insects should be regarded as insect cytokines with a variety of functions.

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Section: Role Of a Gbp-dopamine System In Pupal Diapause Inductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Insect cytokine growth-blocking peptide (GBP) regulates insect development

Hayakawa

2006

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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“…Pupal diapause in the cabbage armyworm M. brassicae can be induced by feeding Dopa, a dopamine precursor, to larvae during their last larval instar (Uryu et al ., 2003). Dopa feeding results in higher concentrations of dopamine in the hemolymph and central nervous system, an effect that possibly inhibits synthesis or release of PTTH, the neuropeptide that is an essential trigger for adult development.…”

Section: Inducing a Diapause-like Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting tools for manipulating insect diapause

Denlinger

2022

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Tools that could be used to subvert the insect diapause response offer potential for insect pest management as well as for the experimental manipulation of insects and the facilitation of mass rearing procedures. In some cases, it is desirable to break diapause on demand and in other cases, it may be attractive to exploit diapause for long-term storage of biocontrol agents or valuable experimental lines. This review highlights some of the diapause disruptors reported in the literature, as well as chemical and physical manipulations that can be used to extend diapause or even induce diapause in an insect not programmed for diapause. The insect hormones are quite effective agents for breaking diapause and in some cases for extending the duration of diapause, but a collection of other chemical agents can also act as potent diapause disruptors, e.g. organic solvents, weak acids and bases, carbon dioxide, imidazole compounds, LSD, deuterium oxide, DMSO, ouabain, cholera toxin, cyclic GMP, heavy metals, and hydrogen peroxide. Physical manipulations such as artificial light at night, anoxia, shaking and heat shock are also known diapause disruptors. Some of these documented manipulations prevent diapause, others terminate diapause immediately, others alter the duration of diapause, and a few compounds can induce a diapause-like state in insects that are not programmed for diapause. The diversity of tools noted in the literature offers promise for the development of new tools or manipulations that possibly could be used to disrupt diapause or manage diapause in controlled laboratory experiments and in mass-rearing facilities.

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“…Similarly, in the counter system, the accumulation of hypothetical substances and existence of internal thresholds have been hypothesized, but these concepts still require substantiation with physiological evidence. Dopamine, melatonin, and the Rack 1 gene have all been proposed to be involved (Noguchi and Hayakawa 1997, Uryu et al 2003, Wang et al 2014 but functional experiments are required in order to confi rm their roles.…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Molecular Biology and Ecology

2014

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This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint.Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. PrefaceA major challenge in current entomology is to integrate different levels of organization, from cellular mechanism to function in ecosystem. In the postgenomic era of the 21st century various fi elds of study have become possible, which use the information of fully sequenced insect genomes (https://www.hgsc.bcm.edu/arthropods/i5k-pilot-project-summary). However, the rapid development of molecular techniques for studying gene functions will revolutionize entomology not only for the insect model organisms, but in general. The majority of these techniques can also be applied if only partial sequence information is available. With these tools, entomologists are able to answer questions in insect biochemistry, physiology, and endocrinology, but also illuminate very complex behavioral and ecological aspects.When I edited a book on "Environmental Physiology and Biochemistry of Insects" in 1985 for the Springer-Verlag, Berlin, mechanisms of environmental adaptation in growth and development, energy metabolism, or respiration to temperature, oxygen tension, food supply or salt concentrations were in the focus of interest. It was at the time of "Physiological Ecology". About 30 years later, the omics era gives us the opportunity to gain deeper insight into different aspects of insect physiology and environmental adaptation, for example, by overexpression or silencing of candidate genes of interest. When we understand, how physiological processes are regulated and at what time, we will be able to manipulate them, hereby providing attractive potential for practical application, for example, in an ecologically friendly insect pest control.In 2008, we started with a Master program in "Molecular Ecology" at our University of Bayreuth, which has become very successful during the last 6 years. The Master's program was designed to play a special role in the synergistic cross-linking of the two focal points at our University, "Ecology and Environmental Sciences" and "Molecular Biosciences". The focus of interest is the functions of organisms-and especially...

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Enhanced expression of genes in the brains of larvae of Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) exposed to short daylength or fed Dopa

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Insect cytokine growth-blocking peptide (GBP) regulates insect development

Insect cytokine growth-blocking peptide (GBP) regulates insect development

Exploiting tools for manipulating insect diapause

Insect Molecular Biology and Ecology

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