Enhanced external counterpulsation for treatment of refractory angina pectoris

Abstract

EECP is effective in relieving symptoms in patients with refractory angina and may reduce inducible ischaemia at dobutamine stress echocardiography, especially in patients with reduced systolic function and compromised segmental kinesis.

Enhanced External Counterpulsation for Ischemic Heart Disease

“…oxygen supply ). We hypothesized that hemodynamic shear stress, with each inflation/deflation cycle of the compressive EECP cuffs (11), would improve endothelial function in peripheral muscular conduit arteries (5), decrease arterial stiffness (6), and thereby reduce myocardial oxygen demand and angina (6, 23). We further hypothesized that EECP would elicit commensurate changes in endothelial-derived vasoactive agents, plasma inflammatory cytokines, and indices of oxidative damage (5, 7).…”

Impact of Enhanced External Counterpulsation on Canadian Cardiovascular Society Angina Class in Patients with Chronic Stable Angina: A Meta‐analysis

“…Fifty-seven full-text articles were evaluated, of which 44 were excluded for evaluating a different end point or not having adequate data, yielding a total of 13 studies reporting data on CCS class ( Figure 1). [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Table 1 describes the characteristics of the included studies. A total of 949 patients were included in the overall analysis.…”

Enhanced External Counterpulsation: An Innovative Physical Therapy for Refractory Angina

“…Numerous trials (Table 2) [16‐36] demonstrate positive clinical responses among approximately 80% of patients undergoing EECP, including reductions in angina and nitrate use, increase in exercise tolerance, enhanced quality of life, improved exercise stress tests, and resolution of myocardial perfusion defects (Figure 4). In 1999, Arora et al [21] published the first randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial of EECP.…”