Enhanced HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitory and Antibacterial Properties in Callus of Catha edulis Forsk.

Abstract

Developing tissue culture systems for medicinal plants is important in that they may offer an alternative to protect wild populations. However, analysis of bioactivity for tissue culture developed plant tissues is required to offer support and allow acceptance in traditional medicine. The use of propagated callus could provide potential material for therapeutic purposes. This study was aimed at evaluating the anti-HIV and antibacterial properties of a three-month-old tissue culture-derived calli and leaves of cultivated mother plants of Catha edulis Forsk. The calli were derived from leaf explants using different plant growth regulators. The calli obtained from callus cultured on 9.8 μM indole-3-butyric acid plus 2.7 μM naphthalene acetic acid exhibited the highest HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory effects when compared with other treatments and the mother plants. Different extracts of callus exhibited high antibacterial activity (<1 mg/mL: minimum inhibitory concentration from 0.098 to 0.78 mg/mL) against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Leaf acetone extracts showed moderate activity (minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.78 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. The present study indicated that tissue culture-derived calli could be used as therapeutic agents for traditional medicine. The choice of treatment used in the tissue culture system and the age of the callus for production of biomass may significantly influence its therapeutic potential.

In vitro propagation and antibacterial activity in Cotyledon orbiculata: a valuable medicinal plant

“…The results indicate that bioactivity is dependent on plant tissue types and PGRs with which the plants were treated. These results are in accordance with reports in Drimia robusta and Catha edulis (Baskaran et al 2013;Kumari et al 2015). The leaf tissues of ex vitro plant treated with combinations of BA and NAA, and TDZ and GA 3 showed good bioactivity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, whereas garden-grown mother plants failed in bioactivity.…”

“…Bioactivity screening of natural products in plant cell cultures can be obtained continuously without any seasonal limitations. Medical compounds and clinical research results from plant cell cultures are similar or superior to those of intact plants such as, Drimia robusta, Agapanthus praecox and Catha edulis (Baskaran et al 2013(Baskaran et al , 2014aKumari et al 2015). Plant tissue culture techniques, therefore, could play an important role in mass propagation, germplasm conservation, genetic improvement and pharmaceutical compound production in C. orbiculata.…”

Progress and Research Trends on Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. (Catha edulis): A Review and Bibliometric Analysis

“…In recent years, many medicinal values of Catha edulis have been discovered gradually. Callus of Catha edulis have “HIV-1” reverse transcriptase inhibition effects and exhibit high antibacterial properties against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria compared to plant leaves ( Kumari et al, 2015 ). Besides, the “medical plant” induces apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells via sustainable activation of C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and MAPK, and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway, which suggests that Catha edulis has substantial potential as a source of anticancer agents ( Bredholt et al, 2009 ; Lu et al, 2017 ).…”