Enhanced Interactions between Dipolar Polaritons

Togan, Emre; Lim, Hyun‐Tae; Faelt, Stefan; Wegscheider, Werner; İmamoğlu, Ataç

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.227402

Cited by 79 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…These experiments represent the culmination of decade long technological developments aimed at increasing U/γ through reducing the photonic mode area [17][18][19] as well as increasing the lifetime [20]. Recently, several possibilities have been explored for enhancing U through an increase of exciton-exciton interactions, focusing either on biexciton Feshbach resonance [21,22] or on excitons with a permanent dipole moment [23][24][25][26][27]. The experiments we report here reveal a hitherto unexplored mechanism for optical nonlinearity emerging for polaritonic excitations out of a two dimensional electron system (2DES) in the fractional quantum Hall (FQHE) regime.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optics in the fractional quantum Hall regime

Knüppel

Ravets

Kroner

et al. 2019

Nature

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These authors contributed equally to this work.Engineering strong interactions between optical photons is a great challenge for quantum science. Envisioned applications range from the realization of photonic gates for quantum information processing [1] to synthesis of photonic quantum materials for investigation of strongly-correlated drivendissipative systems [2]. Polaritonics, based on the strong coupling of photons to atomic or electronic excitations in an optical resonator, has emerged as a promising approach to implement those tasks [3]. Recent experiments demonstrated the onset of quantum correlations in the exciton-polariton system [4,5], showing that strong polariton blockade [6] could be achieved if interactions were an order of magnitude stronger. Here, we report time resolved four-wave mixing experiments on a two-dimensional electron system embedded in an optical cavity [7], demonstrating that polariton-polariton interactions are strongly enhanced when the electrons are initially in a fractional quantum Hall state. Our experiments indicate that in addition to strong correlations in the electronic ground state, exciton-electron interactions leading to the formation of polaron polaritons [8-11] play a key role in enhancing the nonlinear optical response. Besides potential applications in realization of strongly interacting photonic systems, our findings suggest that nonlinear optical measurements could provide information about fractional quantum Hall states that is not accessible in linear optical response.Polaritons have recently attracted considerable interest, motivated by the fact that their interactions can be engineered almost at will through the tunability of their matter component. For example, strongly interacting Rydberg polaritons have recently been obtained using the nonlinear behavior of Rydberg excitations in an ensemble of atoms [12], which led to the demonstration of Rydberg polariton blockade [13] where the presence of a single polariton in a well-delimited region of space prevents the resonant injection of other polaritons. In parallel, efforts are being made to realize polariton blockade in condensed matter systems that hold great potential for realizing compact and integrated synthetic quantum materials [3]. Exciton polaritons in semiconductor materials are part light part matter particles that arise from the strong coupling of a quantum well exciton and a cavity photon [14]. These photonic particles inherit a nonlinear behavior from exciton-exciton interactions [2,15,16]. For efficient blockade to be obtained, the nonlinearity U needs to be greater than the inverse lifetime γ of the polaritons [6]. Recent state-of-the art experiments based on photon correlation measurements in semi-integrated microcavities attained optimized values of the ratio U/γ 0.1 in a photonic dot with about 3 µm 2 area [4,5]. These experiments represent the culmination of decade long technological developments aimed at increasing U/γ through reducing the photonic mode area [17][18][19] as well as increasing t...

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confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optics in the fractional quantum Hall regime

Knüppel

Ravets

Kroner

et al. 2019

Nature

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“…As is, the observed nonlinearity is insufficient for quantum optics applications, and it is still inferior to that reported by previous studies by the same group [4]. But it might be enhanced in materials that have a higher intrinsic nonlinearity than molybdenum diselenide.…”

Section: Ino-cnr Bec Center and Department Of Physics University Ofmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Research at the crossroad of optics, solid-state, and atomic physics [3] has tried to further boost these nonlinearities, exploring the coupling of light with other quasiparticles, from excitons with long-range dipolar interactions [4] to atomic Rydberg states [5]. The nonlinearities demonstrated so far are, however, insufficiently strong for many tasks.…”

Section: Ino-cnr Bec Center and Department Of Physics University Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Makes Photons Bulky

Carusotto

2020

Physics

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“…Several groups have recently reported an increase of the polariton interaction due to the dipolar moment in the excitonic component [18][19][20]. The results presented in Ref.…”

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Dipolar polaritons squeezed at unitarity

Andreev

2020

Phys. Rev. B

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Interaction of dipolar polaritons can be efficiently tuned by means of a shape resonance in their excitonic component. Provided the resonance width is large, a squeezed population of strongly interacting polaritons may persist on the repulsive side of the resonance. The derived analytical expression for the polariton coupling constant reveals an excellent agreement with the puzzling experimental observations [I. Rosenberg et al., Sci. Adv. 4, 8880 (2018)]. Our arguments provide a new direction for the quest of interactions in quantum photonics.

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Enhanced Interactions between Dipolar Polaritons

Cited by 79 publications

References 42 publications

Nonlinear optics in the fractional quantum Hall regime

Nonlinear optics in the fractional quantum Hall regime

Material Makes Photons Bulky

Dipolar polaritons squeezed at unitarity

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