Enhanced Interleukin-1β in Hypercholesterolemia

Ferroni, Patrizia; Martini, Francesca; Cardarello, Cristiano M.; Gazzaniga, Pier Paolo; Davı̀, Giovanni; Basili, Stefania

doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000094732.02060.27

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[ 22 ], who concluded that fluvastatin administration reduced sP-selectin levels in hypercholesterolemic patients. In other studies the influence of statin therapy on sP-selectin concentrations was also observed [ 23 , 24 ]. P-selectins are shed from activated platelets and endothelial cells [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The influence of statin therapy on platelet activity markers in hyperlipidemic patients after ischemic stroke

Pawełczyk¹,

Chmielewski²,

Kaczorowska³

et al. 2015

aoms

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IntroductionLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been reported to increase platelet activation. Reducing the level of LDL-C with statins induces important pleiotropic effects such as platelet inhibition. This association between platelet activity and statin therapy may be clinically important in reducing the risk of ischemic stroke. We investigated the effect of simvastatin therapy on platelet activation markers (platelet CD62P, sP-selectin, and platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs)) in hyperlipidemic patients after ischemic stroke.Material and methodsThe study group consisted of 21 hyperlipidemic patients after ischemic stroke confirmed by CT, and 20 healthy subjects served as controls. We assessed the CD62P expression on resting and thrombin-activated blood platelets. CD62P and PDMPs were analyzed by the use of monoclonal antibodies anti-CD61 and anti-CD62 on a flow cytometer. The level of sP-selectin in serum was measured by the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method. All markers were re-analyzed after 6 months of treatment with simvastatin (20 mg/day).ResultsHyperlipidemic patients presented a significantly higher percentage of CD62+ platelets and higher reactivity to thrombin compared to control subjects. After simvastatin therapy hyperlipidemic patients showed a reduction of the percentage of resting CD62P(+) platelets (p = 0.005) and a reduction of expression and percentage of CD62P(+) platelets after activation by thrombin (median p < 0.05; percentage: p = 0.001). A decrease of sP-selectin levels (p = 0.001) and percentage of PDMPs (p < 0.05) in this group was also observed.ConclusionsHMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy in stroke patients with hyperlipidemia may be useful not only due to the lipid-lowering effect but also because of a significant role in reduction of platelet activation and reactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The influence of statin therapy on platelet activity markers in hyperlipidemic patients after ischemic stroke

Pawełczyk¹,

Chmielewski²,

Kaczorowska³

et al. 2015

aoms

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“…Whilst most reported adherence with this request, some (19%) failed to do so and this may have influenced our results. In particular IL-1B can be reduced by low dose aspirin[50] and this may have contributed to the lack of significant differences found in this marker. Additionally, the BMI data of our participants indicate that they were in the overweight range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Course of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers Following Whiplash Injury and Their Relationship to Sensory and Muscle Measures: a Longitudinal Cohort Study

2013

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Tissue damage or pathological alterations are not detectable in the majority of people with whiplash associated disorders (WAD). Widespread hyperalgisa, morphological muscle changes and psychological distress are common features of WAD. However little is known about the presence of inflammation and its association with symptom persistence or the clinical presentation of WAD. This study aimed to prospectively investigate changes in serum inflammatory biomarker levels from the acute (<3 weeks) to chronic (>3 months) stages of whiplash injury. It also aimed to determine relationships between biomarker levels and hyperalgesia, fatty muscle infiltrates of the cervical extensors identified on MRI and psychological factors. 40 volunteers with acute WAD and 18 healthy controls participated. Participants with WAD were classified at 3 months as recovered/mild disability or having moderate/severe disability using the Neck Disability Index. At baseline both WAD groups showed elevated serum levels of CRP but by 3 months levels remained elevated only in the moderate/severe group. The recovered/mild disability WAD group had higher levels of TNF-α at both time points than both the moderate/severe WAD group and healthy controls. There were no differences found in serum IL-1β. Moderate relationships were found between hyperalgesia and CRP at both time points and between hyperalgesia and IL-1β 3 months post injury. There was a moderate negative correlation between TNF-α and amount of fatty muscle infiltrate and pain intensity at 3 months. Only a weak relationship was found between CRP and pain catastrophising and no relationship between biomarker levels and posttraumatic stress symptoms. The results of the study indicate that inflammatory biomarkers may play a role in outcomes following whiplash injury as well as being associated with hyperalgesia and fatty muscle infiltrate in the cervical extensors.

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“…Well-correlating levels of sP-selectin and IL-1β in 50 patients at baseline and a comparable decline after 8 weeks of treatment with either simvastatin (20 mg) or aspirin (100 mg) brought the perception that platelet activation (sP-selectin) in hypercholesterolemia correlates with inflammation (IL-1β) and that both, simvastatin and aspirin lower platelet activation to the same extent but surprisingly only simvastatin lowered the inflammation marker CRP. As baseline was compared with solely 8 weeks of treatment, the differentiation in cholesterol-dependent and -independent effects was not feasible (Ferroni et al, 2003). …”

Section: Statinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelets and their chemokines in atherosclerosisâ€”clinical applications

2014

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The concept of platelets as important players in the process of atherogenesis has become increasingly accepted due to accumulating experimental and clinical evidence. Despite the progress in understanding the molecular details of atherosclerosis, particularly by using animal models, the inflammatory and thrombotic roles of activated platelet s especially in the human system remain difficult to dissect, as often only the complications of atherosclerosis, i.e., stroke and myocardial infarction are definable but not the plaque burden. Platelet indices including platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) and soluble mediators released by activated platelets are associated with atherosclerosis. The chemokine CXCL4 has multiple atherogenic activities, e.g., altering the differentiation of T cells and macrophages by inhibiting neutrophil and monocyte apoptosis and by increasing the uptake of oxLDL and synergizing with CCL5. CCL5 is released and deposited on endothelium by activated platelets thereby triggering atherogenic monocyte recruitment, which can be attenuated by blocking the corresponding chemokine receptor CCR5. Atheroprotective and plaque stabilizing properties are attributed to CXCL12, which plays an important role in regenerative processes by attracting progenitor cells. Its release from luminal attached platelets accelerates endothelial healing after injury. Platelet surface molecules GPIIb/IIIa, GP1bα, P-selectin, JAM-A and the CD40/CD40L dyade are crucially involved in the interaction with endothelial cells, leukocytes and matrix molecules affecting atherogenesis. Beyond the effects on the arterial inflammatory infiltrate, platelets affect cholesterol metabolism by binding, modifying and endocytosing LDL particles via their scavenger receptors and contribute to the formation of lipid laden macrophages. Current medical therapies for the prevention of atherosclerotic therapies enable the elucidation of mechanisms linking platelets to inflammation and atherosclerosis.

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Enhanced Interleukin-1β in Hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 34 publications

References 17 publications

The influence of statin therapy on platelet activity markers in hyperlipidemic patients after ischemic stroke

The influence of statin therapy on platelet activity markers in hyperlipidemic patients after ischemic stroke

The Course of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers Following Whiplash Injury and Their Relationship to Sensory and Muscle Measures: a Longitudinal Cohort Study

Platelets and their chemokines in atherosclerosisâ€”clinical applications

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