Enhanced ionic conductivity in PEO-LiClO4 hybrid electrolytes by structural modification

Lee, Jin Kyung; Lee, Yong Ji; Chae, Won Seok; Sung, Yun Mo

doi:10.1007/s10832-006-7672-7

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The demonstrated ionic conductivity of our electrolyte falls in a useful ionic conductivity level and agrees with other established reports based on PEO-LiClO 4 electrolyte 41, 44, 49 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Conductive Cellulose Composites with Low Percolation Threshold for 3D Printed Electronics

Park

Kim

2017

Sci Rep

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We are reporting a 3D printable composite paste having strong thixotropic rheology. The composite has been designed and investigated with highly conductive silver nanowires. The optimized electrical percolation threshold from both simulation and experiment is shown from 0.7 vol. % of silver nanowires which is significantly lower than other composites using conductive nano-materials. Reliable conductivity of 1.19 × 10 2 S/cm has been achieved from the demonstrated 3D printable composite with 1.9 vol. % loading of silver nanowires. Utilizing the high conductivity of the printable composites, 3D printing of designed battery electrode pastes is demonstrated. Rheology study shows superior printability of the electrode pastes aided by the cellulose's strong thixotropic rheology. The designed anode, electrolyte, and cathode pastes are sequentially printed to form a three-layered lithium battery for the demonstration of a charging profile. This study opens opportunities of 3D printable conductive materials to create printed electronics with the next generation additive manufacturing process.Design of 3D printable conductive composites focuses both on the investigation of network percolation with the conductive fillers and optimization of extrusion printability with paste extruder. Electrically conductive silver nanowire (AgNW) has been proposed as a conductive filler for the application of conductive nanocomposites in three dimension (3D Conductor) 1,2 . AgNW shows metallic electrical conductivity (1.6 × 10 −6 Ω•cm) and capability of percolated network formation from its high aspect ratio (typically, 50~500) within a composite matrix 1, 3, 4 . I. Xu et al. 1 and White et al. 2 have demonstrated an AgNW based conductive nanocomposite with a maximum electrical conductivity of 10 3 S/cm. Thanks to the promising conductivity of AgNW, the reported conductivity of AgNW based composites presents superior conductivity compared to carbon based conductive composites introduced elsewhere [5][6][7] . Not only the high conductivity of AgNW benefits the nanocomposite but also the high aspect ratio of AgNW provides the advantage in composite design by allowing the lower percolation thresholds. In a composite with a conductive filler inclusion, the conductive fillers can form conducting paths when they are in contact or at proximity where electrons can jump between fillers (tunneling effect) 8 . The described conductive path is called a percolation network which is essential for a composite to conduct electrons. Both the demonstrations from White et al. and Xu et al. have presented low percolation thresholds of 2.3 vol. % and 0.29 vol. % of AgNW concentrations. The reported thresholds of AgNW based composites are relatively low as the percolation threshold of a composite with silver nanoparticle (AgNP) has been found as 12 vol. % 9 while it typically ranges between 3~25 wt. % 10, 11 for carbon black (CB) based composites. A sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is often used and researched as a matrix material due to its viscosity thi...

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“…The demonstrated ionic conductivity of our electrolyte falls in a useful ionic conductivity level and agrees with other established reports based on PEO-LiClO 4 electrolyte 41, 44, 49 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Conductive Cellulose Composites with Low Percolation Threshold for 3D Printed Electronics

Park

Kim

2017

Sci Rep

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“…The tails at the low-frequency region have similar slopes, which are probably due to the similarity of the transport in porous electrode (Warburg impedance). [ 34,39 ] The similar bulk resistance values from EIS graphs also agree well with the similarity of the ionic conductivity values of the FGPEs with different bending angles. GCD curves of supercapacitor with the resultant FGPE with bending angles of 0° and 135° are almost coincident.…”

Section: Infl Uence Of Mechanical Bending On the Electrochemical Propsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The fl exible supercapacitor with different components of PVA-BMIMCl-Li 2 SO 4 FGPE shows a line close to 90° at low frequency, indicating a good capacitive behavior [ 38 ] and it is typical for an EDLC. [ 34,39 ] At high frequency, the intercept point on the real axis represents the resistance of the electrolyte and the internal resistance of the electrodes, which is called bulk resistance of the supercapacitor, and the diameter of compressed semicircle is attributed to the charge transfer resistance. [ 40 ] The Nyquist plots for the supercapacitors with PVA-BMIMCl-Li 2 SO 4 FGPE show arcs in a highfrequency region.…”

Section: Electrochemical Behaviors Of the Supercapacitor Fabricated Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Flexible Ionic Liquid Gelled PVA‐Li₂SO₄ Polymer Electrolyte for Semi‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors

Zhang

Wang

Peng

et al. 2015

Adv Materials Inter

111

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The development of fl exible energy devices is dramatically increasing the requirement of gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with mechanical robustness and excellent transport effi ciency of ion or solute. Some GPEs such as poly(vinylidene fl uoride) (PVDF) with glass fi bers, [ 12 ] nonwoven fabrics, [ 13 ] etc. have been reported for fl exible batteries. There is a remarkable ions migration effi ciency in these GPEs, which provides breakthrough electrochemical performances. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel is a widely used GPE substrate for supercapacitors. [ 5,14 ] However, current ionic conducting gels, which just consist of PVA hydrogels and inorganic salts, acid or alkali dissolved in water, are brittle and exhibit poor mechanical strength due to the damage of inorganic ions to the hydrogen bond between PVA polymer chains and water molecules. Furthermore, metal electrodes can be corroded by acid in the GPE during the charge-discharge process. Therefore, GPE with neutral salts is a promising new research fi eld for semi-solid-state supercapacitors. However, excess inorganic ions would infl uence the mechanical strength of the gels because of the coagulation with PVA chains in water. Consequently, the ionic conductivities of GPE are generally low (0.1-10 mS cm −1 ) due to the limitation of salts content (generally lower than 20 wt%) in gels. Up to date, the problem that inorganic salts cannot be added into gel polymer substrate in large quantities has not been settled.Common neutral GPE contains much water, and the potential window of the aqueous GPE is limited to the ideal maximum value of 1.23 V, usually used in the range of 0-0.80 V which also places restrictions on the application of such supercapacitors. And aqueous GPE cannot maintain a stable appearance with the gradual loss of water which also infl uences the electrochemical behavior of supercapacitors. [ 15 ] Ionic liquids (ILs) recently attain more attention in the applications of energy storage, such as semi-solid-state supercapacitors, because of their wide operation potential, high thermal and electrochemical stability as conducting medium relative to inorganic salts. However, their low conductivities restrict the electrochemical performance in semi-solid-state supercapacitors. [ 1,16,17 ] The ionic conductivity can be improved further with a wide operation electrochemical window after the addition of neutral inorganic salts in the GPE, which opens up new access to high-performance EDLCs, but related researches are lacked.

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“…In recent times extensive investigations on solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) have been in progress in view of their potential applications in solid state electrochemical cells. [1][2][3] The solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) have become the area of wide variety of fundamental and technological applications such as solid state batteries, fuel cells, double layer capacitors, sensors, electrochemical display devices, etc. [4][5][6][7][8] The one of the important components in rechargeable batteries and fuel cells devices is the ionic conductor (electrolyte).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)-acid salt polymer electrolytes

Khalil¹,

Sheha²,

Hanafy³

et al. 2014

Mat Express

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A solid acid membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), magnesium bromide (MgBr 2) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) were prepared by a solution casting method. The morphological, X-ray and electrical properties of the (PVA) (1−x) (MgBr 2) x/2 (H 3 PO 4) x/2 solid acid membranes where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 wt% were investigated. The PVA polymer electrolyte directly blended with acid salt shows improvement in ionic conductivity and transport properties. The maximum ionic conductivity value of PVA/acid salt polymer electrolyte with x = 0.40 wt% of acid salt is around 1.64 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at 20 C and the ionic transport number (t +) is in the range of 0.98-0.99. In this work, the data shows that the (PVA) (1−x) (MgBr 2) x/2 (H 3 PO 4) x/2 solid acid salt membrane is promising for intermediate temperature phosphoric acid fuel cell applications.

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Enhanced ionic conductivity in PEO-LiClO4 hybrid electrolytes by structural modification

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Conductive Cellulose Composites with Low Percolation Threshold for 3D Printed Electronics

Conductive Cellulose Composites with Low Percolation Threshold for 3D Printed Electronics

A Flexible Ionic Liquid Gelled PVA‐Li₂SO₄ Polymer Electrolyte for Semi‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors

Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)-acid salt polymer electrolytes

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Enhanced ionic conductivity in PEO-LiClO4 hybrid electrolytes by structural modification

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Conductive Cellulose Composites with Low Percolation Threshold for 3D Printed Electronics

Conductive Cellulose Composites with Low Percolation Threshold for 3D Printed Electronics

A Flexible Ionic Liquid Gelled PVA‐Li2SO4 Polymer Electrolyte for Semi‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors

Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)-acid salt polymer electrolytes

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A Flexible Ionic Liquid Gelled PVA‐Li₂SO₄ Polymer Electrolyte for Semi‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors