Enhanced lignin extraction and optimisation from oil palm biomass using neural network modelling

Rashid, Tazien; Taqvi, Syed Ali Ammar; Sher, Farooq; Rubab, Saddaf; Murugesan, Thanabalan; Bilal, Muhammad; Islam, Badar ul

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120485

Cited by 94 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For show the significance of the reduced method was comparied the RMSE of the reduced set and the enlarged set. Table 8 shows the RMSE for the set of 31 and 99 points that was calculated between the experimentally observed data versus the values Predicted by MQ31pc (29,30,31). Both sets presented the approximately the same RMSE, that is, the method of reduced formulations is excellent and reproduces very well the enlarged set.…”

Section: Comparison Between Quadratic Models Of Sets Tested With Each Iteration Of Sets (Qmn) and The Quadratic Model With 99 Formulationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Surface modeling as tool for constructing pseudo ternary diagrams

Camilo¹,

Ferreira²,

Costa³

et al. 2021

BJEDIS

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Microemulsions have been developed and evaluated for application in various fields. For their development, ternary phase diagrams are initially constructed, obtained by investigating mixtures of the aqueous and oil phases and a surfactant, to determine the regions composed of liquid microemulsions. However, the construction of these diagrams requires many steps, so simplification of this method can be useful for the formulation and application of these microemulsified systems. Therefore, this article proposes a method to obtain these diagrams employing mathematical modeling, by testing systems composed of kerosene (as oil phase), a nonionic surfactant based on ethoxylated nonylphenol (NP80), and salt water. The study aimed to ascertain which models (linear, quadratic or special cubic) were able to describe the empirical observations, i.e., the ternary phase diagram containing 99 points. The results obtained showed that a quadratic model with a smaller sample (31 points) was able to represent these systems with 61% variability of the observed data and a confidence level higher than 99.9%. The smaller sample (31 points) was defined by means extrapolation lines, as described in the standard ISO11358, permitting identifying the liquid microemulsion regions of the system composed of kerosene, NP80 and salt water. This result is very promising since it permits determining the conditions of interest with significantly less experimental work, and commensurate reduction of the final cost of the experiments.

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Section: Comparison Between Quadratic Models Of Sets Tested With Each Iteration Of Sets (Qmn) and The Quadratic Model With 99 Formulationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Surface modeling as tool for constructing pseudo ternary diagrams

Camilo¹,

Ferreira²,

Costa³

et al. 2021

BJEDIS

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“…To overcome these problems, sustainable, secure, and pollution-free energy sources must be used at the same time which could combine social and economic development with environmental protection [15][16][17]. Tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) is among the effective substitute fuel technologies, and it is used to produced useful products of tire pyrolysis oil, char, and pyro gas [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Potential of Tire Pyrolysis Oil Production as an Alternative Fuel in Developing Countries

et al. 2021

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Energy is essential for the nature of life and the development of countries. The main demand for the 21st century is to fulfill growing energy needs. Pakistan, through the use of fossil fuels, meets energy demands. There is pressure on the economy of the country due to the massive reliance on fossil fuels, and this tendency is influenced by various environmental impacts. To overcome the burden on fossil fuels, more attention has been drawn to provide fossil fuel substitution. Tire pyrolysis is among the effective substitutes of the fuel technology that generates useful products of liquid oil, char, and pyro gas. This research focuses on the environmental, social, and economic viability of tire pyrolysis oil in Pakistan. This study estimates the production and potential of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) in Pakistan. Based on the calculations, the potential of tire pyrolysis oil production in Pakistan from 2015–2019 is 468,081 to 548,406 tons. The potential production of TPO in 2018–2019 was ~8.30% of the total import (6.6 million tons) of crude oil. Therefore, tire pyrolysis oil is considered an alternative fuel representing an economic and environmentally viability solution for Pakistan.

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“…In contrast, as regards garden and pruning waste introduction into polymers, this has been rather regarded so far more as a possibility than practiced concretely [11]. On the other side, wood waste from a number of species has been considered as a source for lignin extraction, in particular aspen (Populus tremula) [12], spruce (Picea abies) or eucalyptus [13], or even oil palm biomass [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Mechanical Characterization of Licorice Root and Palm Leaf Waste Incorporated into Poly(urethane-acrylate) (PUA)

et al. 2021

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A poly(urethane-acrylate) polymer (PUA) was synthesized, and a sufficiently high molecular weight starting from urethane-acrylate oligomer (UAO) was obtained. PUA was then loaded with two types of powdered ligno-cellulosic waste, namely from licorice root and palm leaf, in amounts of 1, 5 and 10%, and the obtained composites were chemically and mechanically characterized. FTIR analysis of final PUA synthesized used for the composite production confirmed the new bonds formed during the polymerization process. The degradation temperatures of the two types of waste used were in line with what observed in most common natural fibers with an onset at 270 °C for licorice waste, and at 290 °C for palm leaf one. The former was more abundant in cellulose (44% vs. 12% lignin), whilst the latter was richer in lignin (30% vs. 26% cellulose). In the composites, only a limited reduction of degradation temperature was observed for palm leaf waste addition and some dispersion issues are observed for licorice root, leading to fluctuating results. Tensile performance of the composites indicates some reduction with respect to the pure polymer in terms of tensile strength, though stabilizing between data with 5 and 10% filler. In contrast, Shore A hardness of both composites slightly increases with higher filler content, while in stiffness-driven applications licorice-based composites showed potential due to an increase up to 50% compared to neat PUA. In general terms, the fracture surfaces tend to become rougher with filler introduction, which indicates the need for optimizing interfacial adhesion.

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Enhanced lignin extraction and optimisation from oil palm biomass using neural network modelling

Cited by 94 publications

References 46 publications

Surface modeling as tool for constructing pseudo ternary diagrams

Surface modeling as tool for constructing pseudo ternary diagrams

Current Status and Potential of Tire Pyrolysis Oil Production as an Alternative Fuel in Developing Countries

Chemical and Mechanical Characterization of Licorice Root and Palm Leaf Waste Incorporated into Poly(urethane-acrylate) (PUA)

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