Enhanced magnetoelectric effect in Terfenol-D and flextensional cymbal laminates

Abstract

A magnetoelectric ͑ME͒ laminate configuration was fabricated using a flextensional cymbal located between two magnetostrictive Terfenol-D ͑Tb 1−x Dy x Fe 2 ͒ plates. The laminate, operating in transverse magnetized/transverse polarized mode, has a ME voltage coefficient of 56.8 mV/ Oe under a magnetic bias field of 1 kOe, which is larger than that of conventional Terfenol-D/PZT/ Terfenol-D configuration. It is believed that the enhancement of ME effect is due to the coupling between the magnetostriction of Terfenol-D and the high piezoelectric response of cymbal. Recently the magnetoelectric ͑ME͒ effect has been intensively studied in single-phase materials that simultaneously reveal ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties and in multiphase materials that are composed of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric phases in laminate and composite configurations, due to their potential applications as current and magnetic sensors and magnetic-electric transformers.

Dual-resonance converse magnetoelectric and voltage step-up effects in laminated composite of long-type 0.71Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.29PbTiO3 piezoelectric single-crystal transformer and Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.92 magnetostrictive alloy bars

“…Accordingly, considerable research efforts have been put on multiphase materials in the recent decade, especially on magnetostrictive-piezoelectric laminated composites. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Today, it is known that laminated composites based on Tb 0.3 Dy 0.7 Fe 1.92 (Terfenol-D) magnetostrictive alloy and 0.71Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.29PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) piezoelectric single crystal possess much higher DME effect than those of the others. 10 On the other hand, some specific multilayer composites have been developed, and their DME resonance characteristics have been studied under the influence of magnetic fields.…”

“…1 Since the first observation of the DME and CME effects in Cr 2 O 3 antiferromagnetic single crystal in the early 1960s, 2 a variety of ME materials have been discovered or developed for potential applications in power-free magnetic field/electric current sensors or ME transducers based on the DME effect. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] These materials can generally be classified as single-phase and multiphase materials. Single-phase materials have both ferroelectric order and ferromagnetic (or antiferromagnetic) order in the same phase, thus enabling an electric field switchable spontaneous polarization, a magnetic field switchable spontaneous magnetization, and often some coupling between the two.…”

Giant magnetoelectric effect in magnet-cymbal-solenoid current-to-voltage conversion device

“…1 The effect has attracted considerable research interest in recent years because of its unusual physics and potential applications. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In single-phase materials, the ME effect is an intrinsic coupling between the magnetic and electric dipoles at atomic level. 2 However, this intrinsic ME effect is generally weak and only obtainable at low temperatures.…”

“…4 Typical examples include bulk composites of ferrites and Pb͑Zr 1−x Ti x ͒O 3 ͑PZT͒ ceramics 5,6 and laminated composites of Tb 0.3 Dy 0.7 Fe 1.92 ͑terfenol-D͒ alloy and PZT ceramics or PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 -PbTiO 3 ͑PMN-PT͒ single crystals. [7][8][9][10][11] In fact, laminated composites have shown stronger ME effect and better property tailorability than the bulk composites. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Nevertheless, the ME effect in the composites is a result of the mechanically mediated magnetostrictive effect in the magnetostrictive phase and the piezoelectric effect in the piezoelectric phase.…”

“…[7][8][9][10][11] In fact, laminated composites have shown stronger ME effect and better property tailorability than the bulk composites. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Nevertheless, the ME effect in the composites is a result of the mechanically mediated magnetostrictive effect in the magnetostrictive phase and the piezoelectric effect in the piezoelectric phase. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases can be regarded as an actuation and a sensing means in the composites, respectively.…”