Enhanced near-ambient temperature energy storage and electrocaloric effect in the lead-free BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3 ceramic synthesized by sol–gel method

Abstract

Lead-free perovskite materials with high performance have high potential in clean energy storage applications and developments of electrocaloric devices. In this work, we report structural, dielectric, ferroelectric properties, energy storage and electrocaloric effectnear the ambient temperature in barium stannate titanate (BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3, BTS11) ceramic prepared by a sol-gel method. The formation of a single perovskite structure was confirmed using the X-ray diffraction analysis. An average grain size of 18.5µm was found by the mean of the SEM micrograph with a density of 5.91 g/cm 3 .The presence of the multiphase at very near ambient temperature was proved using temperature-dependent micro-Raman measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. The BTS11 ceramic exhibits a high dielectric constant of 15460and a low dielectric loss (<0.055) with considerable temperature stability. Moreover, a high energy storage density of 122mJ/cm 3 was showed with an efficiency of 79%, and a maximum value of ECE (ΔT) of 0.86 K and finally, an electrocaloric responsivity (ΔT/ΔE) of 0.24 K.mm/kV under the external electricfield of 35 kV/cm near ambient temperature. The enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric and electrocaloric properties in BTS11 ceramic makes it a great potential candidate for its uses in solid-state cooling technology and high-energy storage applications near ambient temperature.

Dielectric and energy storage properties of surface-modified BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3@polydopamine nanoparticles embedded in a PVDF-HFP matrix

“…According to XRD analysis, the powder exhibits a pure perovskite structure devoid of any secondary phases. The BTS 11 multiphase was previously demonstrated in two of our previous published papers, 10,24 and it was also reported in the literature. 30,31 Therefore, the as-prepared powder (BTS 11 ), the hydroxylated powder (OH-BTS 11 ), and then the PDA-coated BTS 11 powder (BTS 11 @PDA) were all subjected to FTIR analysis to show whether the dopamine successfully bonded to the surface of the BTS 11 , as demonstrated in Fig.…”

Low-temperature synthesis and characterization of lead-free BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3 piezoelectric powders

“…This demonstrates that the precursor powders synthesized by Sol-Gel is entirely transformed into well-crystallized BTS 11 powder in the hydrothermal step which is also confirmed by the thermogravimetric analysis of the powder synthesized at 180 °C presented in the fig. 3-a Multiphase such as rhombohedral (R,R3m), orthorhombic (O,Amm2), tetragonal (T, P4mm) and also cubic (C, Pm3m), were observed in the BaTi 0.89 Sn 0.11 O 3 , system by many researchers [11], [20], [21], [22]. The splitting observed in the enlarged view of the 45° XRD peak (fig.…”

Piezoelectric, magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of a new lead-free multiferroic (1-x) Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.89Sn0.11O3—(x) CoFe2O4 particulate composites

“…For BCTSn phase, 4 A and 2 E modes are observed at 166, 195, 264, 303, 519, 722 cm -1 [24]. The Peaks on the lower-frequency side (< 300 cm -1 ) are associated with Ba/Ca-O vibrations, while those on the higher wavenumber side correspond to Ti/Sn-O vibrations [24]. The obtained Raman spectra for all compositions constitute Raman modes of the pure BCTSn and CFO phases individually without any strange Raman bands [25].…”

“…The second T2g(2) mode at ~474 cm -1 corresponds to asymmetric stretching of the Fe-O (Co-O) bonds, while the T2g(3) at ~212 cm -1 is ascribed to the translational shift of the whole FeO4 tetrahedron [20]. For BCTSn phase, 4 A and 2 E modes are observed at 166, 195, 264, 303, 519, 722 cm -1 [24]. The Peaks on the lower-frequency side (< 300 cm -1 ) are associated with Ba/Ca-O vibrations, while those on the higher wavenumber side correspond to Ti/Sn-O vibrations [24].…”