“…A considerable amount of research on topics such as liposomes, micelles, and solid lipid nanoparticles have been reported to improve drug solubility (Gao et al., 2012 ; Tapeinos et al., 2017 ; Zhang et al., 2017 ). Currently, the carrier that has been reported to potentially promote drug transport across the membrane mainly includes plant lectins, membrane fusion proteins, and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) (Mora et al., 2016 ; Zheng et al., 2016 ; Zhu et al., 2016 ). Among them, CPPs, a series of short peptides, were found to be supremely effective in enhancing penetration through biological membranes for different cargos, such as micelles, liposomes, and solid lipid nanoparticles (Jiang et al., 2012 ; Ramsey & Flynn, 2015 ).…”