Enhanced osmotic energy generation from salinity gradients by modifying thin film composite membranes

Cui, Yue; Li, Xiangyang; Chung, Tai‐Shung

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2013.12.078

Cited by 135 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the conventional interfacial polymerization, MPD diffuses from the substrate pores, reacts with TMC at the interface of the two phases and results in a rough ridge-valley morphology [21,22,55]. In this study, amine groups are grafted and fixed on the membrane surface after the PEI cross-linking and then react with GA, ECH or TMC which diffuses from its aqueous or organic phase to the membrane surface.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Modifications On the Performance Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green modification of outer selective P84 nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes for cadmium removal

Gao

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

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118

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Outer-selective thin-film composite (TFC) hollow fiber membranes are normally made from interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC).However, the removal of excess MPD solution and the large consumption of alkane solvents are their technical bottlenecks. In this study, green methods to prepare the outer selective TFC hollow fiber membranes were explored by firstly modifying the membrane substrate with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and then by water soluble small molecules such as glutaraldehyde (GA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH). Using P84 polyimide as the substrate, not only do these modifications decrease substrate's pore size, but also vary surface charge by making the membranes less positively charged. As a result, the resultant membranes have higher rejections against salts such as Na 2 SO 4 , NaCl and MgSO 4 . The PEI and then GA modified membrane has the best separation performance with a NaCl rejection over 90 % and a pure water permeability (PWP) of 1.74 ± 0.01 Lm −2 bar −1 h −1 . It also shows an impressive rejection to CdCl 2 (94 %) during long-term stability tests. The CdCl 2 rejection remains higher than 90% at operating temperatures from 5 to 60 °C. This study may provide useful insights for green manufacturing of outer-selective nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes.

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Section: Influence Of Different Modifications On the Performance Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green modification of outer selective P84 nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes for cadmium removal

Gao

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

Self Cite

118

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“…A PA-based TFC membrane including a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) support was fabricated, and it was revealed that the increasing PAN concentration and the application of a post-treatment of the support layer by polydopamine coating and ethanol treatment could increase the PRO performance [25]. From the identical group, a power density of 18.09 W/m 2 at 22 bar with the TFC membrane was attained by applying a pre-treatment and post-treatment, adding a surfactant into the interfacial polymerization (IP) solution as a pre-treatment and immersing the membranes in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a post-treatment [26].…”

Section: Flat-sheet Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to the CTA membrane, TFC membranes have a relatively higher salt retention rate due to their thin-film PA selective layer while also having a lower ICP phenomenon, which leads to a higher water flux because of the higher porosity in the support layer. Several research groups in the US and in Singapore have taken leadership positions in developing flat-sheet membranes [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Table 1 shows the characteristics of notably developed flat-sheet PRO membranes.…”

Section: Flat-sheet Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Osmotic Energy Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO): A Review

et al. 2015

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Global energy consumption has been highly dependent on fossil fuels which cause severe climate change and, therefore, the exploration of new technologies to produce effective renewable energy plays an important role in the world. Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is one of the promising candidates to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels by harnessing energy from the salinity gradient between seawater and fresh water. In PRO, water is transported though a semi-permeable membrane from a low-concentrated feed solution to a high-concentrated draw solution. The increased volumetric water flow then runs a hydro-turbine to generate power. PRO technology has rapidly improved in recent years; however, the commercial-scale PRO plant is yet to be developed. In this context, recent developments on the PRO process are reviewed in terms of mathematical models, membrane modules, process designs, numerical works, and fouling and cleaning. In addition, the research requirements to accelerate PRO commercialization are discussed. It is expected that this article can help comprehensively understand the PRO process and thereby provide essential information to activate further research and development. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2015, 8 11822

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“…While maintaining a relatively small structural parameter to minimize ICP, enhancing membrane water permeability during the formation of polyamide layers and/or novel post-treatment is also important [3]. Cui et al optimized the interfacial polymerization reaction and alternative post-treatments, and fabricated a membrane with power density of 18.09 W/m 2 at 22 bar when using 1 M NaCl as draw solution and DI water as feed [4]. A comprehensive review of the development of the high performance PRO membranes can be found in [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) salinity power plant: Development and comparison of different techniques

Luo

Kiselychnyk

et al. 2016

Desalination

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. (2016) Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) salinity power plant : development and comparison of different techniques. Desalination,. Permanent WRAP URL:http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/78938 Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP url' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. Abstract:This paper presents two new methods for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of a pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) salinity power plant, including mass feedback control (MFC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC). First, a brief overview of perturb & observe (P&O) and incremental mass resistance (IMR) control is given as those two methods have already demonstrated their merit in good control performance. Then, two new methods employing variable-step strategy, MFC and FLC, are proposed to address the trade-off relationship between rise-time and oscillation of P&O and IMR. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used for finding the optimum parameters of membership functions of FLC. From the case-study of start-up of the PRO adopting MPPT control, MFC and FLC have shown faster convergence to the target performance without oscillation compared with P&O and IMR. These four MPPT techniques are further evaluated in case-studies of state transitions of the PRO due to operational fluctuations. It is proven that the MPPT using FLC and modified MFC has better performance than the other two methods. Finally, the paper reports a comparison of major characteristics of the four MPPT methods, which could be considered as guidance for selecting a MPPT technique for the PRO in practice. IntroductionPressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a promising method which is potentially capable of producing power and processing water simultaneously because of its nature of combination of the water treatment and renewable energy generation. In other words, it can be used as not only a clean energy generator, but also a water treatment to recycle water. In a PRO plant, chemical potential between the two salinities is converted to hyd...

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Enhanced osmotic energy generation from salinity gradients by modifying thin film composite membranes

Cited by 135 publications

References 44 publications

Green modification of outer selective P84 nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes for cadmium removal

Green modification of outer selective P84 nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes for cadmium removal

Recent Advances in Osmotic Energy Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO): A Review

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) salinity power plant: Development and comparison of different techniques

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