Enhanced oxidation resistance of low-carbon MgO–C refractories with ternary carbides: a review

Enhanced oxidation resistance of low‐carbon MgO–C refractories with Al3BC3–Al antioxidants: A synergistic effect

“…7,8,9,[18][19][20][21][22][23] Ternary carbides have outstanding properties for high-temperature applications, such as low density, high strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, high resistance to thermal shock, good thermal conductivity, and hydration resistance. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Considerable research efforts have been performed to develop alternative antioxidants with optimized properties and less drawbacks, and the exploration and application of single ternary carbide, such as Al 4 O 4 C, "Al 8 B 4 C 7 ," Al 4 SiC 4 , Ti 3 AlC 2 , and Ti 3 SiC 2 , have been proved to have benefits. 25,27,[29][30][31] Besides the usage of single antioxidant, the combination of two antioxidants like B 4 C-Al additions has also been developed 32 ; the advantage of this type of antioxidants is that they protect carbon oxidation more effectively than the single one.…”

“…[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Considerable research efforts have been performed to develop alternative antioxidants with optimized properties and less drawbacks, and the exploration and application of single ternary carbide, such as Al 4 O 4 C, "Al 8 B 4 C 7 ," Al 4 SiC 4 , Ti 3 AlC 2 , and Ti 3 SiC 2 , have been proved to have benefits. 25,27,[29][30][31] Besides the usage of single antioxidant, the combination of two antioxidants like B 4 C-Al additions has also been developed 32 ; the advantage of this type of antioxidants is that they protect carbon oxidation more effectively than the single one. Chen et al 30 found that the application of Ti 3 AlC 2 as a single antioxidant is inappropriate for MgO-C refractories; however, the combination of Ti 3 AlC 2 -Si additions could inhibit their rapid oxidation.…”

A novel strategy for the fabrication of AlN–AlON refractories: Nitrogen gas pressure sintering of Al4O4C

“…5,[18][19][20][21] Al 4 O 4 C is a promising compound for high-temperature applications and refractory because of their high melting point (1890 • C), low density (2.684 g/cm 3 ), and excellent oxidation resistance. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The study on high-temperature behavior of pressed Al 4 O 4 C pellets under a nitrogen atmosphere indicated that a nitride layer generated on the surface and thereby slowed the nitrogen diffusion into the substrate. 28 Wu et al 29 also found that the surface of dense Al 4 O 4 C could form an Al 2 OC-AlN solid solution layer, consequently restricting the further nitridation.…”

“…For simplicity and efficiency, heat‐treating single‐phase ternary carbide is a promising and attractive method for composites because only one single raw material is required, with the homogeneous chemical composition 5,18–21 . Al 4 O 4 C is a promising compound for high‐temperature applications and refractory because of their high melting point (1890°C), low density (2.684 g/cm 3 ), and excellent oxidation resistance 21–27 . The study on high‐temperature behavior of pressed Al 4 O 4 C pellets under a nitrogen atmosphere indicated that a nitride layer generated on the surface and thereby slowed the nitrogen diffusion into the substrate 28 .…”

Effect of in situ formation of Ti(C,N) on the properties of Al2O3–ZrO2–C slide plate material

“…At present, the slide plate mainly included Al 2 O 3 -C, [1][2][3][4][5][6] Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -C, [7][8][9] MgO-C, [10][11][12][13][14][15] and spinel. 16 Among them, Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -C slide plate was often used in casting calcium-treated steel and high manganese steel due to its low thermal expansion rate, poor wettability to liquid slag, and excellent corrosion resistance.…”