In past years, the presence of toxic
heavy metal ions in water
and soil has caused major health problems. The ternary type semiconductor
material, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–Sm2MoO6–TiO2, has been investigated as a photocatalyst
for the reduction of soluble chromium(VI) into (III) for the first
time. The as-synthesized rGO–Sm2MoO6–TiO2 catalyst was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy, X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-Raman, Fourier transform infrared,
and optical spectroscopy. The maximum Cr(VI) reduction of 96% was
achieved within 70 min under visible light illumination. The powder
XRD analysis confirmed the formation of anatase TiO2. Field-emission
SEM images depicted well-dispersed rGO sheets, and TiO2 and Sm2MoO6 particles are randomly distributed
onto rGO. The reduction of Cr(VI) by rGO–Sm2MoO6–TiO2 was considerably greater than the
reduction by Sm2MoO6, TiO2, Sm2MoO6–rGO, TiO2–rGO, and
Sm2MoO6–TiO2. Sm2MoO6 acts as an effective cocatalyst to TiO2 to enhance the separation of photo-generated electron–holes.
Even after six consecutive cycles, the photoreduction of Cr(VI) was
more than 85%, which reveals that the excellent reusability performance
of the catalyst for practical applications. The photogenerated electron
plays an important role in the reduction of Cr(VI) into nontoxic Cr(III),
and the synergistic effect of rGO greatly improved the separation
of h+ and e– pairs.