Enhanced photovoltaic performance in inverted polymer solar cells using Li ion doped ZnO cathode buffer layer

Efficient Organic Light Emitting Diodes Using Solution-Processed Alkali Metal Carbonate Doped ZnO as Electron Injection Layer

“…Up to date, some inorganic alkali metal-containing materials (such as LiF and Cs 2 CO 3 ), metal oxide materials (such as TiO 2 , ZnO, and ZrO 2 ) and ionic π-conjugated polymers have been reported as efficient EIL for high performance OLEDs (Tokmoldin et al, 2009; Kim et al, 2014; Chiba et al, 2015; Zhao et al, 2017). Among all these EIL materials, ZnO has attracted increasing attention for being used in IOLED because ZnO is environmentally stable, low-cost and has high transparency in visible region (Chen et al, 2016). In particular, the solution-processed ZnO film has been widely used as an EIL in the IOLED configuration due to its advantages of optical transparency, low work function, high electron mobility and good electron selective, and hole blocking contact (Bolink et al, 2007; Chiba et al, 2012; Dong et al, 2017).…”

“…For example, the Li ion and LiF have been doped in ZnO films to increase the electron mobility and thus increase the charge collection efficiency and reduce the charge carrier recombination, leading to enhanced photovoltaic performance in organic solar cells (Chang et al, 2013; Lin et al, 2016). To obtain the doped ZnO film, various techniques such as sputting, pulsed laser deposition, sol-gel, chemical vapor deposition, thermal evaporation, spray pyrolysis, and wet-chemical method have been used to dope the dopant into the ZnO host (Chen et al, 2016). Among these doping techniques, wet-chemical doping is the most promising route due to its advantages of low-cost, easy operation and low-temperature (Chang et al, 2015).…”

Progress of Organic Photovoltaic Cells Based on Squaraine Small Molecule Donors and Fullerene Acceptors

“…限制基于 SQ 47～50 的本体异质结 OPV 器件效率的主 要因素为器件的填充因子较低, 仅为 30%左右, 这可能 是由于这类 SQ 材料较低的空穴迁移率导致的 [33] . 另外, OPV 器件结构中电子传输层的缺失也可能是引起器件 填充因子较低的原因之一 [6] . [56] .…”

Light-soaking free organic photovoltaic devices with sol–gel deposited ZnO and AZO electron transport layers

“…Metal oxide materials, e.g., ZnO and TiO x , are commonly used as an electron transport layer (ETL) deposited on the transparent electrode for inverted OPV devices. [5][6][7] Among all the metal oxides, zinc oxide (ZnO) stands out for its high electron mobility, high visible transparency, low cost, and environmentally friendly nature. ZnO nanoparticles can be synthesized using low-cost solution processing methods that make it compatible with the large area printing or roll-toroll manufacturing.…”