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Bioelectricity provides electrostimulation to regulate cell/tissue behaviors and functions. In the human body, bioelectricity can be generated in electromechanically responsive tissues and organs, as well as biomolecular building blocks that exhibit piezoelectricity, with a phenomenon known as the piezoelectric effect. Inspired by natural bio‐piezoelectric phenomenon, efforts have been devoted to exploiting high‐performance synthetic piezoelectric biomaterials, including molecular materials, polymeric materials, ceramic materials, and composite materials. Notably, piezoelectric biomaterials polarize under mechanical strain and generate electrical potentials, which can be used to fabricate electronic devices. Herein, we propose a review article to summarize the design and research progress of piezoelectric biomaterials and devices toward bionanotechnology. We first introduce the functions of bioelectricity in regulating human electrophysiological activity from cellular to tissue level. Next, recent advances as well as structure‐property relationship of various natural and synthetic piezoelectric biomaterials are provided in detail. In the following part, we systematically classify and discuss the applications of piezoelectric biomaterials in tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, energy harvesting, and catalysis. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of piezoelectric biomaterials are presented. We believe that this review will provide inspiration for the design and development of innovative piezoelectric biomaterials in the fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Bioelectricity provides electrostimulation to regulate cell/tissue behaviors and functions. In the human body, bioelectricity can be generated in electromechanically responsive tissues and organs, as well as biomolecular building blocks that exhibit piezoelectricity, with a phenomenon known as the piezoelectric effect. Inspired by natural bio‐piezoelectric phenomenon, efforts have been devoted to exploiting high‐performance synthetic piezoelectric biomaterials, including molecular materials, polymeric materials, ceramic materials, and composite materials. Notably, piezoelectric biomaterials polarize under mechanical strain and generate electrical potentials, which can be used to fabricate electronic devices. Herein, we propose a review article to summarize the design and research progress of piezoelectric biomaterials and devices toward bionanotechnology. We first introduce the functions of bioelectricity in regulating human electrophysiological activity from cellular to tissue level. Next, recent advances as well as structure‐property relationship of various natural and synthetic piezoelectric biomaterials are provided in detail. In the following part, we systematically classify and discuss the applications of piezoelectric biomaterials in tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, energy harvesting, and catalysis. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of piezoelectric biomaterials are presented. We believe that this review will provide inspiration for the design and development of innovative piezoelectric biomaterials in the fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
The impact of defects on the performance of piezoelectric materials has been a topic of considerable debate, due to the competing actions of the deteriorating effect of the defects themselves on the ceramic resistance and the positive effect on the piezoelectric performance resulting from the defect polarization. In order to probe its combined influence on piezoelectric properties, here, we designed BiFeO 3 (BF)-based ceramics with different defect concentrations. It has been demonstrated that the incorporation of an appropriate concentration of defects into ceramics can effectively enhance their piezoelectric properties while maintaining their insulating properties. During the polarization process, both the intrinsic polarization and defect dipoles are oriented along the direction of the electric field. This occurs in the presence of a high temperature environment as well as an applied electric field, which results in a complementary enhancement of the macroscopic ferro-and piezoelectric properties. Consequently, the piezoelectric performance of BF−BT−BKT ceramics is achieved (d 33 = 203 ± 5 pC/N, T C = 502 °C, k p = 33.05%). This work provides a framework for understanding the intrinsic structural mechanism of bismuth ferrate.
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