Enhanced Production of Fibrinolytic Protease from Microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris using Glycerol and Corn Steep Liquor as Nutrient

e, Silva Páblo Eugênio da Costa; de, Souza Fabiana América Silva Dantas; de, Barros Rafaela Cavalcante; Viana, Marques Daniela Araújo; Figueiredo, Porto Ana Lúcia; Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa

doi:10.36959/958/564

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Few studies have evaluated the potential applications of algal-derived enzymes in fibrinolytic therapies (summarized in Figure 5), thus introducing a new era of bioprospecting of enzymes from algae for their role in thrombolytic activity. [113,[116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124].…”

Section: Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrombolytic Enzymes of Microbial Origin: A Review

Diwan

Usmani

Sharma

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Enzyme therapies are attracting significant attention as thrombolytic drugs during the current scenario owing to their great affinity, specificity, catalytic activity, and stability. Among various sources, the application of microbial-derived thrombolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes to prevent and treat vascular occlusion is promising due to their advantageous cost–benefit ratio and large-scale production. Thrombotic complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, and peripheral occlusive diseases resulting from blood vessel blockage are the major cause of poor prognosis and mortality. Given the ability of microbial thrombolytic enzymes to dissolve blood clots and prevent any adverse effects, their use as a potential thrombolytic therapy has attracted great interest. A better understanding of the hemostasis and fibrinolytic system may aid in improving the efficacy and safety of this treatment approach over classical thrombolytic agents. Here, we concisely discuss the physiological mechanism of thrombus formation, thrombo-, and fibrinolysis, thrombolytic and fibrinolytic agents isolated from bacteria, fungi, and algae along with their mode of action and the potential application of microbial enzymes in thrombosis therapy.

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Section: Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 5. Fibrinolytic potential of algal-derived enzymes[113,[116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombolytic Enzymes of Microbial Origin: A Review

Diwan

Usmani

Sharma

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…With the emergence of "Biocatalysis" as an eco-technology, a promising perspective of microbial fibrinolytic enzymes has progressively attracted therapeutic prominence because of their comprehensive biochemical diversity, low expense, scale-up feasibility and easy genetic modification which could directly lyse existing thrombus inside the blood vessel [9,10]. Scientific reports suggest numerous microbial sources of fibrinolytic enzymes such as bacteria (including actinomycetes), filamentous fungi and microalgae [10,11]. A cultivation-dependent methodology is largely employed for screening microbial producers of fibrinolytic enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications

2021

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Cardiac disorders such as acute myocardial infarction, embolism and stroke are primarily attributed to excessive fibrin accumulation in the blood vessels, usually consequential in thrombosis. Numerous methodologies including the use of anti-coagulants, anti-platelet drugs, surgical operations and fibrinolytic enzymes are employed for the dissolution of fibrin clots and hence ameliorate thrombosis. Microbial fibrinolytic enzymes have attracted much more attention in the management of cardiovascular disorders than typical anti-thrombotic strategies because of the undesirable after-effects and high expense of the latter. Fibrinolytic enzymes such as plasminogen activators and plasmin-like proteins hydrolyse thrombi with high efficacy with no significant after-effects and can be cost effectively produced on a large scale with a short generation time. However, the hunt for novel fibrinolytic enzymes necessitates complex purification stages, physiochemical and structural-functional attributes, which provide an insight into their mechanism of action. Besides, strain improvement and molecular technologies such as cloning, overexpression and the construction of genetically modified strains for the enhanced production of fibrinolytic enzymes significantly improve their thrombolytic potential. In addition, the unconventional applicability of some fibrinolytic enzymes paves their way for protein hydrolysis in addition to fibrin/thrombi, blood pressure regulation, anti-microbials, detergent additives for blood stain removal, preventing dental caries, anti-inflammatory and mucolytic expectorant agents. Therefore, this review article encompasses the production, biochemical/structure-function properties, thrombolytic potential and other surplus applications of microbial fibrinolytic enzymes.

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