Enhanced protection against lipopolysaccharide‐induced acute lung injury by autologous transplantation of adipose‐derived stromal cells combined with low tidal volume ventilation in rats

Abstract

Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) showed excellent capacity in regeneration and tissue protection. Low tidal volume ventilation (LVT) strategy demonstrates a therapeutic benefit on the treatment of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). This study, therefore, aimed to undertaken determine whether the combined LVT and ADSCs treatment exerts additional protection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in rats. The animals were randomized into seven groups: Group I (control), Group II (instillation of LPS at 10 mg/kg intratracheally), Group III (LPS+LVT 6 ml/kg), Group IV (LPS+intravenous autologous 5 × 10 6 ADSCs which were pretreated with a scrambled small interfering RNA [siRNA] of keratinocyte growth factor [KGF] negative control), Group V (LPS+ADSCs which were pretreated with a scrambled siRNA of KGF, Group VI (LPS+LVT and ADSCs as in the Group IV), and Group VII (LPS+LVT and ADSCs as in the Group V). We found that levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, the proinflammatory cytokines, were remarkably increased in LPS rats. Moreover, the expressions of ENaC, activity of Na, K-ATPase, and alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) were obviously reduced by LPS-induced ALI. The rats treated by ADSCs showed improved effects in all these changes of ALI and further enhanced by ADSCs combined with LVT treatment. Importantly, the treatment of ADSCs with siRNA-mediated knockdown of KGF partially eliminated the therapeutic effects. In conclusion, combined treatment with ADSCs and LVT not only is superior to either ADSCs or LVT therapy alone in the prevention of ALI. Evidence of the beneficial effect may be partly due to improving AFC by paracrine or systemic production of KGF and anti-inflammatory properties.

Autologous transplantation of adipose-derived stromal cells combined with sevoflurane ameliorates acute lung injury induced by cecal ligation and puncture in rats

“…BALF was obtaining and proceesing as our reported previously 54 . After exsanguination, the trachea was cannulated and the right main bronchus was clamped with a hemostat.…”

“…Total RNA was isolated from the lung lobe as reported previously 54 using an RNA extraction kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) in accordance with the manufacturer’s protocol. PCR comprised pre-denaturation at 95 °C for 60 s, followed by 30 cycles of 95 °C for 5 s and 60 °C for 31 s. The following primer sequences were used to amplify α-, β-, and γ-ENaC: α-ENaC, 5′-CAT GCA AGG ACT GGG GAA GG-3′ (forward) and 3′-TGG TCA TGA TCC TGC TT-5′ (reverse); β-ENaC, 5-AGA AGA AGG CCA TGT GG TTC C-3′ (forward) and 3′-GCT CAG GTA GGT CTG GAT GAA G-5′ (reverse); and γ–ENaC, 5′-AGA AGA AGG CCA TGT GGT TCC-3′(forward) and 3′-GCT CAG GTA GGT CTG GAT GAA-5′ (reverse).…”