Abstract:Antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment have become a global problem posing a serious threat to the environment and an inherent health risk to human beings. In this study, experiments were carried to investigate the use of carbon material modified by liquid nitrogen treatment (CM1) and carbon material unmodified by liquid nitrogen treatment (CM2) as adsorbents for the removal of the antibiotic ampicillin from aqueous solutions. The properties of the CMs (CM1 and CM2) and the effects of variations of the… Show more
“…A rather new study on the removal of ampicillin from wastewater showed a comparison between the performances of liquid nitrogen-treated (CM1) and -untreated (CM2) carbon materials. 54 The adsorption capacities of CM1 with 550.52 m 2 /g and CM2 with 422.93 m 2 /g BET surface areas were found to be 206.00 and 178.423 mg/g, respectively. In our study, the BET surface area of the CA was found as 104.2 m 2 /g, which is almost 4–5 times smaller than that of CM1 and CM2, whereas when the adsorption capacities are compared, there is only up to 2 times difference between them.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…A rather new study on the removal of ampicillin from wastewater showed a comparison between the performances of liquid nitrogen-treated (CM1) and -untreated (CM2) carbon materials . The adsorption capacities of CM1 with 550.52 m 2 /g and CM2 with 422.93 m 2 /g BET surface areas were found to be 206.00 and 178.423 mg/g, respectively.…”
Because
of pharmaceutical-emerging contaminants in water resources,
there has been a significant increase in the antibiotic resistance
in bacteria. Therefore, the removal of antibiotics from water resources
is essential. Various antibiotics have been greatly studied using
many different carbon-based materials including graphene-based hydrogels
and aerogels. In this study, carbon aerogels (CAs) were synthesized
from waste paper sources and their adsorption behaviors toward three
antibiotics (hygromycin B, gentamicin, and vancomycin) were investigated,
for which there exist a limited number of reports in the literature.
The prepared CAs were characterized with scanning electron microscopy,
transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,
and micro-computerized tomography (μ-CT). According to the μ-CT
results, total porosity and open porosity were calculated as 90.80
and 90.76%, respectively. The surface area and surface-to-volume ratio
were found as 795.15 mm
2
and 16.79 mm
–1
, respectively. The specific surface area of the CAs was found as
104.2 m
2
/g. A detailed adsorption study was carried out
based on different pH values, times, and analyte concentrations. The
adsorption capacities were found as 104.16, 81.30, and 107.52 mg/g
for Hyg B, Gen, and Van, respectively. For all three antibiotics,
the adsorption behavior fits the Langmuir model. The kinetic studies
showed that the system fits the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
The production of CAs, within the scope of this study, is safe, facile,
and cost-efficient, which makes these green adsorbents a good candidate
for the removal of antibiotics from water resources. This study represents
the first antibiotic adsorption study based on CAs obtained from waste
paper.
“…A rather new study on the removal of ampicillin from wastewater showed a comparison between the performances of liquid nitrogen-treated (CM1) and -untreated (CM2) carbon materials. 54 The adsorption capacities of CM1 with 550.52 m 2 /g and CM2 with 422.93 m 2 /g BET surface areas were found to be 206.00 and 178.423 mg/g, respectively. In our study, the BET surface area of the CA was found as 104.2 m 2 /g, which is almost 4–5 times smaller than that of CM1 and CM2, whereas when the adsorption capacities are compared, there is only up to 2 times difference between them.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…A rather new study on the removal of ampicillin from wastewater showed a comparison between the performances of liquid nitrogen-treated (CM1) and -untreated (CM2) carbon materials . The adsorption capacities of CM1 with 550.52 m 2 /g and CM2 with 422.93 m 2 /g BET surface areas were found to be 206.00 and 178.423 mg/g, respectively.…”
Because
of pharmaceutical-emerging contaminants in water resources,
there has been a significant increase in the antibiotic resistance
in bacteria. Therefore, the removal of antibiotics from water resources
is essential. Various antibiotics have been greatly studied using
many different carbon-based materials including graphene-based hydrogels
and aerogels. In this study, carbon aerogels (CAs) were synthesized
from waste paper sources and their adsorption behaviors toward three
antibiotics (hygromycin B, gentamicin, and vancomycin) were investigated,
for which there exist a limited number of reports in the literature.
The prepared CAs were characterized with scanning electron microscopy,
transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,
and micro-computerized tomography (μ-CT). According to the μ-CT
results, total porosity and open porosity were calculated as 90.80
and 90.76%, respectively. The surface area and surface-to-volume ratio
were found as 795.15 mm
2
and 16.79 mm
–1
, respectively. The specific surface area of the CAs was found as
104.2 m
2
/g. A detailed adsorption study was carried out
based on different pH values, times, and analyte concentrations. The
adsorption capacities were found as 104.16, 81.30, and 107.52 mg/g
for Hyg B, Gen, and Van, respectively. For all three antibiotics,
the adsorption behavior fits the Langmuir model. The kinetic studies
showed that the system fits the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
The production of CAs, within the scope of this study, is safe, facile,
and cost-efficient, which makes these green adsorbents a good candidate
for the removal of antibiotics from water resources. This study represents
the first antibiotic adsorption study based on CAs obtained from waste
paper.
“…4 , the q e can be affected by effect of ACAF mass; so that an increase in ACAF mass (0.1 to 1.5 g/L) leads to diminish it (98.15 to 16.26 mg/g). This may be explained according to the collision of adsorbent particles with each other and the formation of bulk; this reduces the active sites for adsorption of ampicillin [ 35 ]. Fig.…”
In this study, the effectiveness of activated carbon prepared from the
Azolla filiculoides
fern (ACAF) in order to remove ampicillin from aqueous solution was examined. The preparation of the ACAF was performed through chemical and physical activation processes with the presence of ZnCl
2
and at a temperature of 450 °C. The ACAF yield was 44.7% of the fresh
Azolla filiculoides
. The results obtained from the characterization study indicate that the prepared ACAF has excellent surface and internal properties to be used as an adsorbent. The surface area, porosity, and pore volume were estimated to be 716.4 m
2
/g, 51.2%, and 0.621 cm
3
/g, respectively. The functional groups in ACAF that were responsible for the adsorption of ampicillin molecules were detected using FTIR analyses. The maximum efficiency (96.84%) and uptake (114.3 mg/g) of ACAF to remove ampicillin were achieved under the following conditions: ACAF dose = 0.8 g/L, pH = 7, concentration of ampicillin = 100 mg/L, contact time = 60 min, and temperature = 45 °C. It was found that the kinetic and isotherm data matched the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models with high precision values, respectively. Considering the thermodynamics of the adsorption, the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the ampicillin adsorption onto ACAF was approved. The ampicillin adsorption capacity by ACAF was not significantly affected by the presence of different concentrations of NaNO
3
competitor ion. The considerably higher adsorption capacity of the ACAF for ampicillin (114.3 mg/g) than other previously used adsorbents with excellent regeneration level (five cycles) depicts the superior performance of ACAF in the adsorption systems.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13399-021-01962-4.
“…89 The removal of Cd 2+ by CAC and CAC-CO 2 demonstrated negative enthalpy values (ΔH°C AC = −24.8 kJ mol −1 ; ΔH°C AC-CO2 = 16.0 kJ mol −1 ), which implies an exothermic process. 90 The positive entropy values (ΔS°) indicate the degree of process irregularity and satisfy the second law of thermodynamics, 91 with an increase in the solid-solution interface randomness, 92 as well as the adsorbent-adsorbate affinity, and dissociative adsorption reaction. 88,93,94 Thus, ΔS°> 0 could suggest the low reversibility of the adsorption reaction.…”
BACKGROUND: This research assessed the capacity for Cd 2+ removal from water using canola meal-based adsorbents: canola meal chemically activated with 1 mol L -1 NaOH and pyrolyzed for 1 h at 500 °C (CAC) and the second product obtained with a similar process but with a second pyrolysis at 750 °C in CO 2 flow (CAC-CO 2 ). The materials were characterized by their chemical composition and thermal stability and using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, pH at point of zero charge (pH PZC ) and scanning electron microscopy. Hydroxyl and carboxyl are the most likely surface functional groups responsible for adsorption.
RESULTS:The obtained pH PZC values were 10.83 for CAC and 9.84 for CAC-CO 2 . Both materials presented heterogeneous surfaces with many cavities, which increased their respective surface specific area 23 000-and 540 000-fold compared to canola meal biomass. Our best results were obtained using 4.0 g L −1 of adsorbent, at pH 7.0, with an equilibrium time of 40 and 60 min for CAC and CAC-CO 2 , respectively. The most likely mechanism predominantly involved in Cd adsorption is physical, according to Temkin nonlinear parameters, thermodynamics parameters and excellent recovery rates (67.8%).CONCLUSIONS: The use of canola meal as a feedstock for activated biochar production is an attractive and new possibility for producing a competitive adsorbent.
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