“…[11] Physical, chemical, and biological treatment techniques are used to remove phenol from wastewater. Membrane filtration, flotation, coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, precipitation, and ion exchange [12,13,14,15,16,17] are used as physico-chemical treatment techniques, while aerobic and anaerobic processes, bacterial and fungal biosorption [18,19] are used as biological treatment techniques. However, there are many limitations in these processes, such as high cost and low efficiency, and these processes cannot entirely remove phenolic compounds from wastewater.…”