Enhanced Selectivity for the Hydrolysis of Block Copoly(2‐oxazoline)s in Ethanol–Water Resulting in Linear Poly(ethylene imine) Copolymers

Kuringen, Huub Pc van; Rosa, Victor Retamero De La; Fijten, Martin W. M.; Heuts, Johan P. A.; Hoogenboom, Richard

doi:10.1002/marc.201200046

Cited by 29 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…pEI-stat-pPhOx copolymers were both, thermo-and pH-responsive. In another study, Hoogenboom et al reported that pronouncedly selective hydrolyses of poly(2-oxazoline)s could be performed in water-ethanol solutions [213]. The block copolymer pMeOx 60 -block-pPhOx 15 , for example, could be hydrolyzed such that 95% of the methyl side-chains, but only 10% of the phenyl side-chains were cleaved.…”

Section: Partial Hydrolysis: Copolymers Containing Units Of Peimentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategies for Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s and Derived Materials

2013

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Abstract:The polymer class of poly(2-oxazoline)s currently is under intensive investigation due to the versatile properties that can be tailor-made by the variation and manipulation of the functional groups they bear. In particular their utilization in the biomedic(in)al field is the subject of numerous studies. Given the mechanism of the cationic ring-opening polymerization, a plethora of synthetic strategies exists for the preparation of poly(2-oxazoline)s with dedicated functionality patterns, comprising among others the functionalization by telechelic end-groups, the incorporation of substituted monomers into (co)poly(2-oxazoline)s, and polymeranalogous reactions. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art of poly(2-oxazoline) preparation and showcases prominent examples of poly(2-oxazoline)-based materials, which are retraced to the desktop-planned synthetic strategy and the variability of their properties for dedicated applications.

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Section: Partial Hydrolysis: Copolymers Containing Units Of Peimentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategies for Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s and Derived Materials

2013

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“…[ 20 ] The molecular characteristics of the precursor gradient copolymers are shown in Table 1 . The rest of chemicals (EtOH and HCl 37%) were supplied by Aldrich/Fluka, and were used as received.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After hydrolysis (reaction time 3 or 6 h), the mixture was cooled in an ice bath and neutralized with NaOH solution to a pH 8-9. [ 20 ] Copolymers were isolated by a rotor evaporator. The hydrolysis reaction is shown schematically in Scheme 1 .…”

Section: Hydrolysis Of Methyl/phenyl Oxazoline Gradient Copolymers/symentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPEI block polymers (from hydrolysis of PMeOx-b-PPOx, PMeOx-stat-PPhOx, PMeOx-b-PPhOx, and PMeOx-b-PEtOx) were found to be pH responsive, forming micelles in acidic solutions. [18][19][20] The maximum selectivity was achieved for acidic hydrolysis (with MeOx side groups being easier to remove) under microwave irradiation when 80:20 ethanol-water solvent mixture was used. [ 20 ] There is small amount of literature, however, concerning the gradient PEI copolymers and their interaction with DNA, and even less about PEI containing polymers in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solutions or other biologically relevant media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20] The maximum selectivity was achieved for acidic hydrolysis (with MeOx side groups being easier to remove) under microwave irradiation when 80:20 ethanol-water solvent mixture was used. [ 20 ] There is small amount of literature, however, concerning the gradient PEI copolymers and their interaction with DNA, and even less about PEI containing polymers in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solutions or other biologically relevant media. In this study, the gradient copolymers formed by partial hydrolysis of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-grad-poly(2-phenyl-2-oxazoline) copolymers (MeOx-grad-PhOx) are investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solution Behavior of Hydrolyzed Gradient Methyl/Phenyl Oxazoline Copolymers and Complexation with DNA

Vlassi

Pispas

2015

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Partial hydrolysis of 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline/2‐phenyl‐2‐oxazoline gradient copolymers (MPOx copolymers) results in amphiphilic copolymers containing cationic ethylene imine, neutral hydrophilic 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline, and hydrophobic 2‐phenyl‐2‐oxazoline segments (HMPOx copolymers). The solution behavior of the HMPOx copolymers has been investigated in water, phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and fetal bovine serum (FBS) by static, dynamic, and electrophoretic light scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy. The copolymers form stable spherical aggregates in aqueous media with positive surface charge. The aggregates are found to interact extensively with proteins in FBS solutions. Soluble HMPOx/DNA complexes have also been formed in aqueous media at certain HMPOx/DNA compositions due to electrostatic interactions. The polyplexes have been studied in terms of structure and colloidal stability.

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Poly(2‐oxazoline)‐ and Poly(2‐oxazine)‐Based Self‐Assemblies, Polyplexes, and Drug Nanoformulations—An Update

Zahoranová

Luxenhofer

2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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For many decades, poly(2‐oxazoline)s and poly(2‐oxazine)s, two closely related families of polymers, have led the life of a rather obscure research topic with only a few research groups world‐wide working with them. This has changed in the last five to ten years, presumably triggered significantly by very promising clinical trials of the first poly(2‐oxazoline)‐based drug conjugate. The huge chemical and structural toolbox poly(2‐oxazoline)s and poly(2‐oxazine)s has been extended very significantly in the last few years, but their potential still remains largely untapped. Here, specifically, the developments in macromolecular self‐assemblies and non‐covalent drug delivery systems such as polyplexes and drug nanoformulations based on poly(2‐oxazoline)s and poly(2‐oxazine)s are reviewed. This highly dynamic field benefits particularly from the extensive synthetic toolbox poly(2‐oxazoline)s and poly(2‐oxazine)s offer and also may have the largest potential for a further development. It is expected that the research dynamics will remain high in the next few years, particularly as more about the safety and therapeutic potential of poly(2‐oxazoline)s and poly(2‐oxazine)s is learned.

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Enhanced Selectivity for the Hydrolysis of Block Copoly(2‐oxazoline)s in Ethanol–Water Resulting in Linear Poly(ethylene imine) Copolymers

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Design Strategies for Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s and Derived Materials

Design Strategies for Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s and Derived Materials

Solution Behavior of Hydrolyzed Gradient Methyl/Phenyl Oxazoline Copolymers and Complexation with DNA

Poly(2‐oxazoline)‐ and Poly(2‐oxazine)‐Based Self‐Assemblies, Polyplexes, and Drug Nanoformulations—An Update

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