Enhanced Shoot Organogenesis in Aloe saponaria Following Treatment with Ethylene Inhibitors and Polyamines

Abstract

Plants belonging to the genus Aloe are wide spread in Africa and are important in the pharmaceutical industry. Here, we investigated the role of ethylene inhibitors and polyamines in the enhancement of shoot regeneration from meristem explants of Aloe saponaria. A rapid, highly effective shoot regeneration procedure was designed using meristem explants. First, we found that Murashige and Skoog (MS) with 2mg/L6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) was the best for shoot initiation. Shoot regeneration was assessed using different concentrations of AgNO 3, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), and CoCl 2 (1, 5, 10, and 20mg/L). While AgNO 3 induced shoots (3.5/explant) and increased shoot length by 2.5cm at concentrations of 10mg/L, an additional increase in the concentration of AgNO 3 decreased shoot production and shoot length. We also analyzed the effects of three different polyamines (putrescine,spermidine, and spermine) at various concentrations (10, 30, 70, and 100mg/L), in addition to MS with 2mg/L BAP, on shoot regeneration and length. Among these compounds, putrescine best augmented shoot regeneration and length, with the largest increase in the number of shoots (3.7/explant) and a moderate augmentation in shoot length 2.5cm at 70mg/L using MS with 2mg/L BAP, followed by spermidine and spermine. This study revealed that the addition of ethylene inhibitors and polyamines could improve shoot regeneration and length in Aloe species. The procedures established in the present study could be used to produce a larger number of shoots, as well as enhance plant growth over a short period, and could be used as an important tool in future gene transfer studies.

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“…Among the various combinations tested, 25.0 μM AgNO3 gave the maximum number of shoot with elongated shoot length (Table . 3). Addition of AgNO3 in combination with phytohormones are known to enhance shoot number in numerous reports [33,34,35]. A synergistic influence of AgNO3 with optimized cytokinin was evident when combination of optimal concentration of BA (2.5 μM) with different concentration of AgNO3 were tested.…”