Enhanced spontaneous emission rate from single InAs quantum dots in a photonic crystal nanocavity at telecom wavelengths

Balet, Laurent; Francardi, Marco; Gerardino, A.; Chauvin, Nicolas; Alloing, Blandine; Zinoni, C.; Monat, Christelle; Li, Lianhe; Thomas, Ludovic; Houdré, R.; Fiore, Andrea

doi:10.1063/1.2789291

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A single layer of low-density ͑5 -7 dots/ m 2 ͒ self-assembled InAs QDs emitting at 1.3 m at low temperature is embedded in the middle of the membrane. 14 A strong cavity mode emission with a quality factor of 11 500 and two sharp lines associated to single QDs are observed ͑inset of Fig. 1͒.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Controlling the charge environment of single quantum dots in a photonic-crystal cavity

et al. 2009

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We demonstrate that the presence of charge around a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) strongly affects its optical properties and produces non-resonant coupling to the modes of a microcavity. We first show that, besides (multi)exciton lines, a QD generates a spectrally broad emission which efficiently couples to cavity modes. Its temporal dynamics shows that it is related to the Coulomb interaction between the QD (multi)excitons and carriers in the adjacent wetting layer. This mechanism can be suppressed by the application of an electric field, making the QD closer to an ideal twolevel system.

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confidence: 99%

“…A typical low-temperature ͑5 K͒ emission spectrum from a L3 cavity ͑three missing holes 14 ͒, as measured in a microphotoluminescence setup, is shown in the inset of Fig. 1.…”

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Controlling the charge environment of single quantum dots in a photonic-crystal cavity

et al. 2009

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“…In this way we could identify the best reso− nant mode cavity for a L3 cavity, a = 311 nm, d L = 0.125 a r = 0.53r 0 and a Q = 3100. On the basis of these results, we carried on the same process on heterostructures with lower areal density of QDs down to a single layer of low density (5-7 dots/μm 2 ) self−assembled InAs QDs emitting at 1.3 μm at low temperature [31]. In this case, we varied the a value only from 300 nm to 340 nm with 5−nm step.…”

Section: Optical Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A largely exploited approach to overcome this intrinsic limit is to increase the rate of spontaneous emission (SE) at angles which are easily collected, by inserting the QD in a micro− cavity, manipulating in this way the optical modes at dis− posal of the emitted light. Our work in the last years has been aimed to the realization of single−QD sources optically [29][30][31][32] and electrically [33][34][35] driven based on photonic crystal microcavites. In Sect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic technologies for single-photon devices

Gerardino

Francardi

Gaggero

et al. 2010

Opto-Electronics Review

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The progress in nanofabrication has made possible the realization of optic nanodevices able to handle single photons and to exploit the quantum nature of single-photon states. In particular, quantum cryptography (or more precisely quantum key distribution, QKD) allows unconditionally secure exchange of cryptographic keys by the transmission of optical pulses each containing no more than one photon. Additionally, the coherent control of excitonic and photonic qubits is a major step forward in the field of solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics, with potential applications in quantum computing. Here, we describe devices for realization of single photon generation and detection based on high resolution technologies and their physical properties. Particular attention will be devoted to the description of single-quantum dot sources based on photonic crystal microcavites optically and electrically driven: the electrically driven devices is an important result towards the realization of single photon source “on demand”. A new class of single photon detectors, based on superconducting nanowires, the superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are also introduced: the fabrication techniques and the design proposed to obtain large area coverage and photon number-resolving capability are described.

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“…The QD ensemble data set is shown for comparison (green dots) and has a single decay constant s Bulk ¼ 1:5560:02 ns, similar to previous reports from similar QDs. 33 In general the actual decay rate C of a QD exciton in a PCC environment in the presence of an electric field can be written as 34 C ¼ C CAV þ C Leaky þ C nr ðFÞ, where C CAV represents the Purcell-enhanced emission in the cavity mode, C Leaky encodes the decay rate into the leaky modes of the PCC, while C nr accounts for the non-radiative processes including tunneling of the electron out of the dot and depends on the applied electric field. However, within the low-field values used in this experiment (Fðk 1 Þ ¼ À135 kV/ cm and Fðk 0 2 Þ ¼ À167 kV/cm), both C nr and the possible modification of the oscillator strength are small.…”

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Fully tuneable, Purcell-enhanced solid-state quantum emitters

Petruzzella

Xia

Pagliano

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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We report the full energy control over a semiconductor cavity-emitter system, consisting of single Stark-tunable quantum dots embedded in mechanically reconfigurable photonic crystal membranes. A reversible wavelength tuning of the emitter over 7.5 nm as well as an 8.5 nm mode shift are realized on the same device. Harnessing these two electrical tuning mechanisms, a single exciton transition is brought on resonance with the cavity mode at several wavelengths, demonstrating a ten-fold enhancement of its spontaneous emission. These results open the way to bring several cavity-enhanced emitters mutually into resonance and therefore represent a key step towards scalable quantum photonic circuits featuring multiple sources of indistinguishable single photons. Last decade has witnessed pioneering advancements in the development of the elementary building blocks for envisioned quantum photonic circuits, 1 which may enable simulating problems, which are intractable on classical computers. 2,3 Efficient on-demand single-photon sources, obtained by coupling a quantum emitter to an optical cavity, represent one of these key building blocks. Additionally, cavity quantum electrodynamics (c-QED) offers a viable solution to create a coherent and efficient interface between light and matter qubits, as needed to establish entanglement between distant quantum emitters via a photonic channel. 4 Among its numerous solid-state implementations, quantum dots (QDs) embedded in semiconductor nano-resonators have emerged as one of the most promising integrated platforms, 5,6 specifically for the on-demand generation of single and entangled photons. 7 Coupling to photonic crystal cavities (PCCs) is notably attractive due to their engineerable electromagnetic environment which provides record quality factors (Q) in a wavelength-scale volume. 8 Indeed, the basic c-QED phenomena have been recently demonstrated, including Rabi splitting, 9 static 10 and dynamic 11,12 control of spontaneous emission and single-photon non-linearities. 13,14 Nevertheless, integrating and interconnecting multiple c-QED nodes within the same chip poses considerable scalability issues.One of the leading experimental challenges in this context resides in the spectral matching of multiple cavityemitter systems, which requires the deterministic control over the energy of both emitters and cavities. To this end, post-processing tuning strategies are imperative because of the QD inhomogeneous broadening and the intrinsic fabrication imperfections which spread the actual cavity resonance over several nanometers.Lately, a number of techniques based on electric, magnetic, temperature and strain control have been successfully employed to tune the emitters' energy. 5 On the other hand, several proposals have been adopted to tune the cavity spectrum, including thermal methods, 15 gas adsorption, 16 photochromic materials, 17 photo-oxidation, 18 free carrier injection, 19,20 and nano-electromechanical systems. [21][22][23] However, so far, the crucial goal of achieving a simu...

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Enhanced spontaneous emission rate from single InAs quantum dots in a photonic crystal nanocavity at telecom wavelengths

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Controlling the charge environment of single quantum dots in a photonic-crystal cavity

Controlling the charge environment of single quantum dots in a photonic-crystal cavity

Nanophotonic technologies for single-photon devices

Fully tuneable, Purcell-enhanced solid-state quantum emitters

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