Enhanced surveillance of initial cases of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza in Ireland, April - July 2009

Martin, Janire Mimentza; O’Donnell, Joan; Igoe, Derval; O'Hora, Aidan; Thornton, Lelia; Murphy, Niamh; Cullen, Gillian; Fitzgerald, Margaret; Cotter, Suzanne; McKeown, Paul; O’Flanagan, D

doi:10.2807/ese.14.38.19337-en

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The 44 studies reported data from 23 countries from both the southern ( n = 6) and northern hemispheres ( n = 37), including one study from a country that lies in both hemispheres 3,13,14,22–62 . The reports are from high‐income, upper‐middle income and lower‐middle‐income nations, but none from low‐income countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the 33 369 cases included in this study are laboratory‐confirmed pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009. Of the 44 studies, 31 reported cases from community settings (including five school influenza outbreaks), 10 studies reported cases from hospital settings alone and three studies reported combined community and hospital cases 3,13,14,22–62 . A detailed breakdown of the studies and settings is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Systematic review of clinical and epidemiological features of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009

Khandaker

Dierig

Rashid

et al. 2011

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Please cite this paper as: Khandaker et al. (2011) Systematic review of clinical and epidemiological features of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2011.00199.x.The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the clinical and epidemiological features of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009. We did a systematic search of published literature reporting clinical features of laboratory‐confirmed pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 from 1 April 2009 to 31 January 2010. Forty‐four articles met our inclusion criteria for the review. The calculated weighted mean age of confirmed cases was 18·1 years, with the median ranging from 12 to 44 years. Cough (84·9%), fever (84·7%), headache (66·5%), runny nose (60·1%) and muscle pain (58·1%) were the most common symptoms of confirmed cases. One or more pre‐existing chronic medical conditions were found in 18·4% of cases. Almost two‐thirds (64%) of cases were aged between 10 and 29 years, 5·1% were aged over 50 years and only 1·1% were aged over 60 years. The confirmed case fatality ratio was 2·9% (95% CI 0·0–6·7%), an extracted average from 12 of 42 studies reporting fatal cases (937 fatal cases among 31 980 confirmed cases), which gives an overall estimated infected case fatality ratio of 0·02%. Early in the pandemic, disease occurred overwhelmingly in children and younger adults, with cough and fever as the most prevalent clinical symptoms of the confirmed cases. A high infection rate in children and young adults, with sparing of the elderly population, has implications for pandemic influenza management and control policies.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of clinical and epidemiological features of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009

Khandaker

Dierig

Rashid

et al. 2011

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sentinel surveillance and high quality data of hospitalized cases were essential for health service planning and responding during the pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza (23). In Osaka, Japan, in May 2009 school closure slowed down the outbreak (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the winter wave of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v in Vojvodina, Serbia

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AimTo analyze the epidemiological data for pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia, during the season of 2009/2010 and to assess whether including severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) hospitalization data to the surveillance system gives a more complete picture of the impact of influenza during the pandemic.MethodsFrom September 2009 to September 2010, the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina conducted sentinel surveillance of influenza-like illnesses and acute respiratory infections in all hospitalized patients with SARI and virological surveillance of population of Vojvodina according to the European Centers for Disease Control technical document.ResultsThe pandemic influenza outbreak in the province started in October 2009 (week 44) in students who had returned from a school-organized trip to Prague, Bratislava, and Vienna. The highest incidence rate was 1090 per 100 000 inhabitants, found in the week 50. The most affected age group were children 5-14 years old. A total of 1591 patients with severe illness were admitted to regional hospitals, with a case fatality rate of 2%, representing a hospitalization rate of 78.3 per 100 000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 1.6 per 100 000. Most frequently hospitalized were 15-19 years old patients, male patients, and patients with pneumonia (P < 0.001). The highest case fatality rate was found among patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (P < 0.001). Nasal/throat swabs were obtained for polymerase chain reaction test from 315 hospitalized patients and 20 non-hospitalized patients, and 145 (46%) and 15 (75%) specimens, respectively, tested positive on A(H1N1)v.ConclusionSentinel influenza-like illness and SARI surveillance, both followed with virological surveillance, seem to be the optimal method to monitor the full scope of the influenza pandemic (from mild to severe influenza) in Vojvodina.

show abstract

“…For example, in Spain 78% of the first 98 cases had acquired their infection abroad [26] ; in the United Kingdom 44% of the first 65 cases reported travel to the United States or Mexico [27] ; in Germany 47% of the first 198 cases were described as imported [28] and in Turkey 77% of the first 111 confirmed cases in the Turkish community were imported [29] . In Ireland 84% of the first 156 cases were imported, 14 (9%) were infected in Ireland by an imported case and two (1%) were infected in Ireland without any identifiable travel association [30] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza Community Transmission Was Established in One Australian State When the Virus Was First Identified in North America

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn mid-June 2009 the State of Victoria in Australia appeared to have the highest notification rate of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza in the world. We hypothesise that this was because community transmission of pandemic influenza was already well established in Victoria at the time testing for the novel virus commenced. In contrast, this was not true for the pandemic in other parts of Australia, including Western Australia (WA).MethodsWe used data from detailed case follow-up of patients with confirmed infection in Victoria and WA to demonstrate the difference in the pandemic curve in two Australian states on opposite sides of the continent. We modelled the pandemic in both states, using a susceptible-infected-removed model with Bayesian inference accounting for imported cases.ResultsEpidemic transmission occurred earlier in Victoria and later in WA. Only 5% of the first 100 Victorian cases were not locally acquired and three of these were brothers in one family. By contrast, 53% of the first 102 cases in WA were associated with importation from Victoria. Using plausible model input data, estimation of the effective reproductive number for the Victorian epidemic required us to invoke an earlier date for commencement of transmission to explain the observed data. This was not required in modelling the epidemic in WA.ConclusionStrong circumstantial evidence, supported by modelling, suggests community transmission of pandemic influenza was well established in Victoria, but not in WA, at the time testing for the novel virus commenced in Australia. The virus is likely to have entered Victoria and already become established around the time it was first identified in the US and Mexico.

show abstract

Enhanced surveillance of initial cases of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza in Ireland, April - July 2009

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Systematic review of clinical and epidemiological features of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009

Systematic review of clinical and epidemiological features of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009

Overview of the winter wave of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v in Vojvodina, Serbia

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza Community Transmission Was Established in One Australian State When the Virus Was First Identified in North America

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About