Enhanced susceptibility of CaF2(111) to adsorption due to ion irradiation

Akcöltekin, S.; Roll, T.; Akcöltekin, Ender; Klusmann, M.; Lebius, H.; Schleberger, Marika

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2008.11.056

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There are however materials, on which no surface tracks or morphological modifications are expected [21] or detected, like e.g. Si [22]. Here we demonstrate, that on substrates which show no surface tracks in form of protrusions or nano-sized hillocks, graphene foldings can still occur, as can be seen in fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Detecting swift heavy ion irradiation effects with graphene

Ochedowski

Akcöltekin

Ban-d’Etat

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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In this paper we show how single layer graphene can be utilized to study swift heavy ion (SHI) modifications on various substrates. The samples were prepared by mechanical exfoliation of bulk graphite onto SrTiO 3 , NaCl and Si(111), respectively. SHI irradiations were performed under glancing angles of incidence and the samples were analysed by means of atomic force microscopy in ambient conditions. We show that graphene can be used to check whether the irradiation was successful or not, to determine the nominal ion fluence and to locally mark SHI impacts. In case of samples prepared in situ, graphene is shown to be able to catch material which would otherwise escape from the surface.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Detecting swift heavy ion irradiation effects with graphene

Ochedowski

Akcöltekin

Ban-d’Etat

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…As reported previously for other materials like SrTiO 3 [19,27], also for CaF 2 the length of the ion track can be controlled by varying the incident angle. As can be seen from figure 3 both, the length of the groove as well as the length of the whole track (for definition see figure 1), follow the relation L d tan / ( ) α = when varying the impact angle from 0.3 3 ⩽ ⩽ α in our experiment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Adsorption is enhanced in the vicinity of defects and tracks. Under UHV conditions the morphology of the surface is stable and does not change even after days [27]. However, in situ AFM measurements of irradiated samples are tedious and require dedicated equipment often not available at beamlines.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swift heavy ion irradiation of CaF₂– from grooves to hillocks in a single ion track

Gruber

Salou

Bergen

et al. 2016

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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A novel form of ion-tracks, namely nanogrooves and hillocks, are observed on CaF2 after irradiation with xenon and lead ions of about 100 MeV kinetic energy. The irradiation is performed under grazing incidence (0.3°-3°) which forces the track to a region in close vicinity to the surface. Atomic force microscopy imaging of the impact sites with high spatial resolution reveals that the surface track consists in fact of three distinct parts: each swift heavy ion impacting on the CaF2 surface first opens a several 100 nm long groove bordered by a series of nanohillocks on both sides. The end of the groove is marked by a huge single hillock and the further penetration of the swift projectile into deeper layers of the target is accompanied by a single protrusion of several 100 nm in length slowly fading until the track vanishes. By comparing experimental data for various impact angles with results of a simulation, based on a three-dimensional version of the two-temperature-model (TTM), we are able to link the crater and hillock formation to sublimation and melting processes of CaF2 due to the local energy deposition by swift heavy ions.

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“…Terraces are easily identified, the step edges however appear fuzzy, except in the case of CaF 2 where straight cleavage steps are typical. The mean roughness is below 0.5 nm and usually no contaminations are detected on the oxidic surfaces, whereas CaF 2 is easily contaminated by adsorbants, most likely water [5]. For optical microscopy (see fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene on insulating crystalline substrates

et al. 2009

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We show that it is possible to prepare and identify ultra-thin sheets of graphene on crystalline substrates such as SrTiO(3), TiO(2), Al(2)O(3) and CaF(2) by standard techniques (mechanical exfoliation, optical and atomic force microscopy). On the substrates under consideration we find a similar distribution of single layer, bilayer and few-layer graphene and graphite flakes as with conventional SiO(2) substrates. The optical contrast C of a single graphene layer on any of those substrates is determined by calculating the optical properties of a two-dimensional metallic sheet on the surface of a dielectric, which yields values between C = -1.5% (G/TiO(2)) and C = -8.8% (G/CaF(2)). This contrast is in reasonable agreement with experimental data and is sufficient to make identification by an optical microscope possible. The graphene layers cover the crystalline substrate in a carpet-like mode and the height of single layer graphene on any of the crystalline substrates as determined by atomic force microscopy is d(SLG) = 0.34 nm and thus much smaller than on SiO(2).

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Enhanced susceptibility of CaF2(111) to adsorption due to ion irradiation

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Detecting swift heavy ion irradiation effects with graphene

Detecting swift heavy ion irradiation effects with graphene

Swift heavy ion irradiation of CaF₂– from grooves to hillocks in a single ion track

Graphene on insulating crystalline substrates

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Enhanced susceptibility of CaF2(111) to adsorption due to ion irradiation

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Detecting swift heavy ion irradiation effects with graphene

Detecting swift heavy ion irradiation effects with graphene

Swift heavy ion irradiation of CaF2– from grooves to hillocks in a single ion track

Graphene on insulating crystalline substrates

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Swift heavy ion irradiation of CaF₂– from grooves to hillocks in a single ion track