Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Nanodiamond-Nickel Nanocomposite Nanofluids

Abstract

We report a new type of magnetic nanofluids, which is based on a hybrid composite of nanodiamond and nickel (ND-Ni) nanoparticles. We prepared the nanoparticles by an in-situ method involving the dispersion of caboxylated nanodiamond (c-ND) nanoparticles in ethylene glycol (EG) followed by mixing of nickel chloride and, at the reaction temperature of 140°C, the use of sodium borohydrate as the reducing agent to form the ND-Ni nanoparticles. We performed their detailed surface and magnetic characterization by X-ray diffraction, micro-Raman, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. We prepared stable magnetic nanofluids by dispersing ND-Ni nanoparticles in a mixture of water and EG; we conducted measurements to determine the thermal conductivity and viscosity of the nanofluid with different nanoparticles loadings. The nanofluid for a 3.03% wt. of ND-Ni nanoparticles dispersed in water and EG exhibits a maximum thermal conductivity enhancement of 21% and 13%, respectively. For the same particle loading of 3.03% wt., the viscosity enhancement is 2-fold and 1.5-fold for water and EG nanofluids. This particular magnetic nanofluid, beyond its obvious usage in heat transfer equipment, may find potential applications in such diverse fields as optics and magnetic resonance imaging.

Huge thermal conductivity enhancement in boron nitride – ethylene glycol nanofluids

“…Pastoriza-Gallego et al presented papers in which they describes the thermal conductivity of nanofluids increase with increasing temperature for Al 2 O 3 -EG [12], and ZnO-EG [36]. The increase in thermal conductivity with temperature in ethylene glycol based nanofluids was also reported by Yu et al [37], Timofeeva et al [38], and Sundar et al [39]. A similar correlation was presented by Abareshi et al [40] for Fe 3 O 4 -H 2 O, and by Colla et al [41] for Fe 2 O 3 -H 2 O nanofluids and in review article by Kleinstreuer and Feng [42].…”

Heat transfer and friction factor of multi-walled carbon nanotubes–Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite nanofluids flow in a tube with/without longitudinal strip inserts

“…Kumar et al [17] observed thermal conductivity enhancements of 36%, 42% and 48% for 0.5% volume concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Cu-Zn nanofluids, similarly, viscosity enhancements of 47%, 53%, and 61% respectively, compared to base fluid (vegetable oil). Sundar et al [18] synthesized nanodiamond-nickel nanocomposite using in-situ growth and chemical coprecipitate method and prepared nanofluids by dispersing ND-Ni in ethylene glycol and water mixture and estimated thermal conductivity and viscosity experimentally. Nine et al [19] prepared Al 2 O 3 -MWCNTs hybrid nanofluids in weight proportion of 97.5/2.5 to 90/10 and studied thermal properties in the weight concentrations of 1-6%.…”

Microfluidic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Carbon Composite Nanofluids

“…Basically, composite nanofluids require a stable dispersion of embedded composite nanoparticles and low hydrodynamic resistance for various applications such as energy, automobiles, welding equipment, laser diode arrays, microwave tubes, and so on 4–8 . In many cases, those applications are implemented using microstructural channels through which nanofluids flow in order to enhance the corresponding heat transfer efficiency 9, 10 .…”