Recently, lead and tellurium-free GeSe chalcogenide-based thermoelectric materials have been considered as an alternative for PbTe and GeTe because of their nontoxic and attractive properties. However, the reports on thermoelectric properties of GeSe are very limited with low power factor values. Herein, we report the effect of Cu substitution on mixed phase formation and thermoelectric performance of Ge 1Àx Cu x Se (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) samples. In the prepared samples, the multiphases of orthorhombic/Imm2 Cu 2 GeSe 3 , cubic/Fm3m Cu 2 Se, hexagonal/P63mc CuSe, hexagonal/P63/mmc Cu 8 GeSe 6 , and orthorhombic/Pnnm CuSe 2 were observed, due to incorporation of Cu in GeSe as confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The electrical resistivity of the samples decreased with x values due to the formation of Cu-rich phases. Moreover, the mobility of GeSe increased by one order through Cu substitution resulting from the percolation effect in the sample with multiphases. A high-power factor of 720 μW/K 2 m was achieved at 500 K for the Ge 0.6 Cu 0.4 Se samples with thermal conductivity (κ L ) of 1.47 Wm À1 κ À1 at the same temperature which resulted in a high figure of merit (ZT) $ 0.26, due to Cu-rich multiphases in the sample.