Enhanced thermoluminescence intensity, stability, and sensitivity of the Yb3+ doped BaO–ZnO–LiF–B2O3 glass by Sm3+ co-doping

Structural and Optical Modifications in the BaO-ZnO-LiF-B2O3-Yb2O3 Glass System after γ-Irradiation

“…Previously [13], to ascertain the optimum Yb 3+ concentration, all the glasses were exposed to 3 kGy as a trial dose and their TL graphs were overlaid. The TL graphs of the glasses are given separately here in Figure 1a-d.…”

“…The conventional melt-quench method was used to synthesize the 10BaO-20ZnO-20LiF-(50-x)B 2 O 3 -xYb 2 O 3 (x = 0.1, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mol%) glasses, as mentioned in our previous work [13]. In brief, all the mentioned chemicals were grinded, and the mix was heated inside an alumina crucible at 1100 • C, which was kept inside a furnace for 1 h. The melt was quenched on a preheated stainless-steel mold at 350…”

“…The fundamental methods for defect analysis in glasses have been density [3,7], optical absorption spectroscopy [8][9][10][11], Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy [9,11], and electron spin resonance (ESR) [1,2,12]. Advances in science have expanded the experimental approaches to some luminescence techniques like thermoluminescence (TL) [13][14][15][16], radiothermoluminescence (RTL) [10], and photoluminescence (PL) [17]. Every characterization technique has its significance in the analysis of resultant radiation-induced defects in the glass.…”

“…The ESR also provides information on the nature of defect sites in the glass structure from their characteristic g-values [1,19]. The TL glow curve offers information on the activation energy, lifetime, and wavelength of the defect centers [13,15,20]. Altogether, the examination of the structural and optical features of the glass pre-and post-irradiation is useful for studying the intrinsic glass structure and the changes resulting from the interaction with radiation.…”

“…This had motivated us to take up the study on TL dosimetry application of Yb 3+ -doped glass. Previously [13], we had investigated the 10BaO-20ZnO-20LiF-(50-x)B 2 O 3 -xYb 2 O 3 (x = 0.1, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mol%) glass system for TL dosimetry and obtained the highest integrated TL intensity at the 0.1 mol% doping level. The glass seemed to be suitable for food irradiation application in the dose range of 0.25 to 1 kGy, which was comparable to other rare-earth doped glasses like PbO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 :Nd 3+ [14], Dy 3+ -doped lithium borate [16], and BaO-B 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 -Al 2 O 3 -Tb 2 O 3 [15].…”