Enhanced X-Ray Emission from the Most Radio-powerful Quasar in the Universe’s First Billion Years

Connor, Thomas; Bañados, Eduardo; Stern, Daniel; Carilli, C. L.; Fabian, A. C.; Momjian, Emmanuel; Rojas-Ruiz, Sofía; Decarli, Roberto; Farina, Emanuele Paolo; Mazzucchelli, Chiara; Earnshaw, Hannah P.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abe710

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Notably, the two quasars with the brightest [CII] emission in our sample are also the brightest X-ray sources known at z 6 (Medvedev et al 2020(Medvedev et al , 2021. Their intrinsic X-ray radiation could be lower because X-ray luminosity can be enhanced by the inverse Compton scattering of the CMB photons by electrons in the jets, which is particularly important at high redshift (e.g., Ighina et al 2021b;Connor et al 2021;Medvedev et al 2021). Nevertheless, the observed high X-ray luminosities of these two quasars can be an indication of a higher XDR contribution to the [CII] emission than in quasars with moderate or low X-ray luminosities.…”

Section: Rojasmentioning

confidence: 86%

The [CII] and FIR properties ofz> 6 radio-loud quasars

Khusanova

Bañados

Mazzucchelli

et al. 2022

A&A

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There are only five radio-loud quasars currently known within 1 Gyr from the Big Bang (z > 6) and the properties of their host galaxies have not been explored in detail. We present a NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) survey of [CII] (158 μm) and underlying continuum emission of four z > 6 radio-loud quasars, revealing their diverse properties. J0309+2717 (z = 6.10) has a bright [CII] line and underlying continuum, implying that the host galaxy is a starburst with a star-formation rate SFR = 340–1200 M⊙ yr−1. J1429+5447 (z = 6.18) has a SFR = 520 − 870 M⊙ yr−1 and its [CII] profile is consistent with two Gaussians, which could be interpreted as a galaxy merger. J1427+3312 (z = 6.12) has a moderate SFR = 30–90 M⊙ yr−1. Notably, this is a broad absorption line quasar and we searched for the presence of high-velocity outflows in the host galaxy. Although the NOEMA data tentatively reveal a broad component of the [CII] line as wide as ∼1400 km s−1, the sensitivity of our current data are not sufficient to confirm it. Finally, P172+18 (z = 6.82) is undetected in both [CII] and the continuum, implying a SFR < 22–40 M⊙ yr−1. The broad range of SFRs is similar to what is observed in radio-quiet quasars at similar redshifts. If radio jets do not significantly contribute to both [CII] and IR luminosities, this suggests there is no feedback from the jet on the star formation in the host galaxy.

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Section: Rojasmentioning

confidence: 86%

The [CII] and FIR properties ofz> 6 radio-loud quasars

Khusanova

Bañados

Mazzucchelli

et al. 2022

A&A

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“…Eilers et al (2017) originally noted that J0100+2802 has an unusually small proximity zone (R p = 7.1 proper Mpc, or a luminosity-corrected R p,corr = 3.1 proper Mpc). Such a small zone size could imply a short quasar lifetime (t < 10 5 yr) -compared to values of t > 10 6 yr seen at this epoch in other proximity zone measurements (Eilers et al 2017) and from jet lifetimes (Connor et al 2021) -or that the intrinsic quasar luminosity is less than what is observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

X-Ray Evidence Against the Hypothesis that the Hyper-Luminous z=6.3 Quasar J0100+2802 is Lensed

Connor,

Stern,

Bañados

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The z = 6.327 quasar SDSS J010013.02+280225.8 (hereafter J0100+2802) is believed to be powered by a black hole more massive than 10 10 M , making it the most massive black hole known in the first billion years of the Universe. However, recent high-resolution ALMA imaging shows four structures at the location of this quasar, potentially implying that it is lensed with a magnification of µ ∼ 450 and thus its black hole is significantly less massive. Furthermore, for the underlying distribution of magnifications of z 6 quasars to produce such an extreme value, theoretical models predict that a larger number of quasars in this epoch should be lensed, implying further overestimates of early black hole masses. To provide an independent constraint on the possibility that J0100+2802 is lensed, we re-analyzed archival XMM-Newton observations of the quasar and compared the expected ratios of X-ray luminosity to rest-frame UV and IR luminosities. For both cases, J0100+2802's X-ray flux is consistent with the no-lensing scenario; while this could be explained by J0100+2802 being Xray faint, we find it does not have the X-ray or optical spectral features expected for an X-ray faint quasar. Finally, we compare the overall distribution of X-ray fluxes for known, typical z 6 quasars. We find a 3σ tension between the observed and predicted X-ray-to-UV flux ratios when adopting the magnification probability distribution required to produce a µ = 450 quasar.

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“…Notably, the two quasars with the brightest [CII] emission in our sample are also the brightest X-ray sources known at z 6 (Medvedev et al 2020(Medvedev et al , 2021. Their intrinsic X-ray radiation could be lower because X-ray luminosity can be enhanced by the inverse Compton scattering of the CMB photons by electrons in the jets, which is particularly important at high redshift (e.g., Ighina et al 2021;Connor et al 2021;Medvedev et al 2021). Nevertheless, the observed high X-ray luminosities of these two quasars can be an indication of higher XDR contribution to the [CII] emission than in quasars with moderate or low X-ray luminosities.…”

Section: The Effects Of the Jet On Star Formationmentioning

confidence: 86%

The [CII] and FIR properties of z>6 radio-loud quasars

Khusanova,

Bañados,

Mazzucchelli

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are only five radio-loud quasars currently known within 1 Gyr from the Big Bang (z > 6) and the properties of their host galaxies have not been explored in detail. We present a NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) survey of [CII] (158 µm) and underlying continuum emission of four z > 6 radio-loud quasars, revealing their diverse properties. J0309+2717 (z = 6.10) has a bright [CII] line and underlying continuum, implying a starburst with a starformation rate SFR=340-1200 M yr −1 . J1429+5447 (z = 6.18) has a SFR=520 − 870 M yr −1 and its [CII] profile is consistent with two Gaussians, which could be interpreted as a galaxy merger. J1427+3312 (z = 6.12) has a moderate SFR = 30-90 M yr −1 . Notably, this is a broad absorption line quasar and we searched for the presence of high-velocity outflows in the host galaxy. Although the NOEMA data reveal a tentative broad component of the [CII] line as wide as ∼1400 km s −1 , the sensitivity of our current data is not sufficient to confirm it. Finally, P172+18 (z = 6.82) is undetected in both [CII] and continuum, implying a SFR< 22 − 40 M yr −1 . The broad range of SFRs is similar to what is observed in radio-quiet quasars at similar redshifts. If radio jets do not significantly contribute to both [CII] and IR luminosities, this suggest no feedback from the jet on the star formation in the host galaxy.

show abstract

Enhanced X-Ray Emission from the Most Radio-powerful Quasar in the Universe’s First Billion Years

Cited by 24 publications

References 98 publications

The [CII] and FIR properties ofz> 6 radio-loud quasars

The [CII] and FIR properties ofz> 6 radio-loud quasars

X-Ray Evidence Against the Hypothesis that the Hyper-Luminous z=6.3 Quasar J0100+2802 is Lensed

The [CII] and FIR properties of z>6 radio-loud quasars

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