Enhancement of biodiesel production from different species of algae

Abstract

RESUMENMejora de la producción de biodiesel a partir de diferentes especies de algas.Ocho especies de algas (4 Rhodo, 1 cloro y 1 macroalgas phaeophycean, 1 cianobacteria y 1 microalga verde) fueron utilizados para la producción de biodiesel utilizando dos sistemas de extracción con disolventes (hexano/éter (1:1, v/v)) y (Cloroformo / metanol (2:1, v/v)). La evaluación bioquímica de las especies de algas se llevó a cabo mediante la estimación de los porcentajes de biomasa, de lípidos, de biodiesel y de sedimento (glicerina y pigmentos). El sistema extracción con el disolvente hexano/éter (1:1, v/v) produjo una bajada de los porcentaje de lípidos (2.3-3.5% de peso seco), mientras que el sistema de extracción con el disolvente cloroformo/metanol (2:1, v/v) demostró ser más eficaz en la extracción de los lípi-dos y del biodiésel (2,5 -12,5% de peso seco) dependiendo de las especies de algas. Los extractos de microalgas verde Dictyochloropsis splendida produjeron los mayores porcentaje de lípidos y de biodiésel (12,5 y 8,75%, respectivamente), seguida de la cianobacteria Spirulina platensis (9,2 y 7,5% respectivamente). Por otra parte, las macroalgas (rojo, marrón y verde) produce los porcentajes más bajos de biodiesel (0,25 -3,8%). Los ácidos grasos del biodiesel de Dictyochloropsis splendida Geitler se determinaron mediante cromatografía de gases. La producción de lípidos, de glicerol y de biodiesel con microalga verde Dictyochloropsis splendida Geitler (el alga más prometedora) fueron notablemente mejorada cuando se aumentó la concentración de sal o en ausencia de nitrógeno, durante su cultivo, con una producción máxima (26,8, 18,9 y 7,9%, respectivamente) en ausencia de nitrógeno. PALABRAS CLAVE: Biodiesel -Glicerina -Macroalgas -Microalgas -Lípidos totales SUMMARY Enhancement of biodiesel production from different species of algae.Eight algal species (4 Rhodo, 1 chloro and 1 phaeophycean macroalgae, 1 cyanobacterium and 1 green microalga) were used for the production of biodiesel using two extraction solvent systems (Hexane/ether (1:1, v/v)) and (Chloroform/ methanol (2:1, v/v)). Biochemical evaluations of algal species were carried out by estimating biomass, lipid, biodiesel and sediment (glycerin and pigments) percentages. Hexane/ ether (1:1, v/v) extraction solvent system resulted in low lipid recoveries (2.3-3.5% dry weight) while; chloroform/methanol (2: 1, v/v) extraction solvent system was proved to be more efficient for lipid and biodiesel extraction (2.5 -12.5% dry weight) depending on algal species. The green microalga Dictyochloropsis splendida extract produced the highest lipid and biodiesel yield (12.5 and 8.75% respectively) followed by the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis (9.2 and 7.5 % respectively). On the other hand, the macroalgae (red, brown and green) produced the lowest biodiesel yield. The fatty acids of Dictyochloropsis splendida Geitler biodiesel were determined using gas liquid chromatography. Lipids, biodiesel and glycerol production of Dictyochloropsis splendida Geitler (the promis...

Optimization of Chelating Process of Amino Acids of Leather Waste and Glycine with Different Minerals and Its Relationship with Arthrospira platensis Biological Activities

“…The quantity of individual compounds was determined by comparing the produced peak area by known weight of biodiesel with standard curve of the authentic substances which expressed the relation between the different concentrations and their peak area. This method was described by Afify et al [8].…”

“…platensis has attracted great attention as a source of high value products, which could be used as antioxidant agents like phenolic compounds, pigments, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and sulfated polysaccharides [5][6][7]. In addition, researchers have turned their interest towards using A.platensis as one of the biodiesel sources fatty acids (methyl esters) sustainable for supplying the world's need for fuels [8][9][10]. Biodiesel is an environmentally-friendly, non-toxic, renewable and biodegradable fuel made from the reactions of either, animal fats, algal lipids or vegetable oils with short-chain alcohol (methanol or ethanol) in the presence of a catalyst [11].…”

Chemical pretreatment of Ulva fasciata cell wall for enhancing biodiesel yield and properties

“…1 (Whatman, USA). The supernatants were collected and the residues were re-extracted with 5 ml chloroform (Afify et al, 2010). The extract was shaken vigorously for one minute and allowed to undergo phase separation for 15 min in a separating funnel (Doan et al, 2011).…”

Valuation of wastewater treatment and biodiesel production from microalgae by direct transesterification method

“…Green growth is more controlled and stable for the creation of energy contrasted with land-based biomass, algal culture can deliver bigger measures of biofuel with no utilization of good water or prolific land. [16].…”